2.3thinking + problem solving

Question 1

what is thinking

Answer 1

conscious or subconsious cognitive processing

Question 2

what is a problem

Answer 2

discrepancy between present state and goal state

Question 3

stage of problem solving

Answer 3

define problem
generate possible solution
evaluate possible solution

Question 4

tower of hanoi

Answer 4

ascending blocks that you stand up in order

Question 5

what is meant by search space

Answer 5

different ways things can be achieved

Question 6

what do cognitive psychologist compare the human mind to

Answer 6

a computer

Question 7

3 assumption of problem solvng

Answer 7

serial process
limited stm
ltm info retrieved

Question 8

strength

Answer 8

can be compared to humans

Question 9

weakness

Answer 9

many differences between human and computer eg
EMOTIONS

Question 10

strength of AI

Answer 10

limit human error [no emotion]
24/7 available

Question 11

wekness of AI

Answer 11

no emotion
doesnt consider past experience, doesnt learn

Question 12

gestalt approach

Answer 12

important to see whole structure of problem

Question 13

reproductive thinking

Answer 13

use past experience to solve problem

Question 14

productive thinking

Answer 14

insight, think outside the box

Question 15

kohler - hungry chimp

Answer 15

found solution to reach monkeys by stacking box

Question 16

incubation

Answer 16

subconscious mind still thinking of solution after we put is it aside

Question 17

what is a schema

Answer 17

belief or expectation
organise info from past experiences

Question 18

weakness of schema

Answer 18

make errors in eye witness testimony

Question 19

behaviourist problem solving

Answer 19

observable behaviour rather than thinking and emotion

Question 20

9 dot problem how man attempts may it take

Answer 20

100

Question 21

compensation model for decision making

Answer 21

evalate all potential outcomes

Question 22

non compensation

Answer 22

eliminate options

Question 23

reasoning

Answer 23

thinking about something in a logical manner

Question 24

equation for probability

Answer 24

event / number of oucomes

Question 25

reasoning biases

Question 26

base rate fallacy

Answer 26

probability misjudged due to lack of info

Question 27

available heuristic

Answer 27

first thing that comes to mind

Question 28

gamblers fallacy

Answer 28

something happens more frequently you may think its less likely to happen in future

Question 29

confirmation bias

Answer 29

focus on evidence that meet expectation

Question 30

anchoring

Answer 30

base opinion of first info

Question 31

framing effect

Answer 31

wording influence reasoning

Question 32

individual differences that effect problem solving

Answer 32

intelleegnce
stress
expertise