Indigenous Health

Question 1

A culturally relevant health system for First Nations communities includes… (6)

Answer 1

1. Governance
2. Research
3. Workforce development
4. Change and risk management
5. Self-determination
6. Perfomance measurement

Question 2

A culturally relevant health system for First Nations is rooted in…

Answer 2

cultural knowledge (emphasizes FN strengths and capacities)

Question 3

Name 3 social determinants of health for FN brought about by colonization

Answer 3

1. Displacement, forced assimilation and cultural genocide
2. Breakdown of traditional diets and lifestyles (hunting, agricultural practices, gathering)
3. Loss of land, autonomy and access to traditional healing systems

Question 4

Trauma leads to chronic stress, which increases the production of…

Answer 4

cortisol, a hormone that contributes to insulin resistance

Question 5

Chronic stress disrupts…

Answer 5

healthy eating habits, sleep and physical activity, which all increase the risk of diabetes

Question 6

Features of strength-based primary care for Indigenous Peoples with Diabetes

Answer 6

• Incorporates patient perspective on community context
• Shared decision-making on treatment
• Integrates traditional knowledge alongside Western medical approaches to create a holistic treatment plan
• Community-led diabetes education programs
• Trauma-informed care
• Collaborative multidisciplinary teams

Question 7

True or false: Diabetes management targets in Indigenous Peoples should be different from those of the general population

Answer 7

False! Diabetes management targets should be no different from the general population

Question 8

True or false: In treating Indigenous patients with diabetes, we should only emphasize achieving management targets.

Answer 8

False! It is important to focus on building a therapeutic relationship with an Indigenous person with diabetes

Question 9

The current poor success at achieving management targets for diabetes in Indigenous communities highlights…

Answer 9

the limitations of health services when they are not relevant to the social and cultural contexts of Indigenous peoples

Question 10

First Nations life expectancy

Answer 10

Lower (by almost 10 years) than that of non-Indigenous Canadians

Question 11

Prevalence of type II diabetes in Indigenous populations

Answer 11

Prevalence of type 2 DM i higher in Indigenous peoples than non-Indigenous Canadians.

Highest for FN on reserve, followed by off-reserve FN, Metis, non-Indigenous, and Inuit.

Question 12

Summary of E4E practice recommendations when treating Indigenous patients (3)

Answer 12

1. Acknowledge colonization
2. Integrate into clinical practice
3. Engage the community