India - 1914-1947 Flashcards
When were the two government of india acts passed?
1919 & 1935
What changes did the first government of india act make?
Brought in limited self government with legislative council
How many positions of the legislative council were elected in 1919?
approx 200
What act was passed shortly after the government of India act in 1919?
The Rowlatt act
What did the Rowlatt act do and when was it passed?
Gave British police power to arrest and imprison anyone protesting British rule. Was passed in 1919
What were the consequences of the Rowlatt act?
Caused more violence including the Amritsar massacre of 1919. Which weakened Britain’s moral position.
What were the effects of WW1 on British India?
Montague (secretary of state for India) promises more responsible self government for India.
How much did India contribute to the WW1 war effort?
£100 million plus soldiers
What was the Simon Commission and when did it take place?
A Commission which reviewed the India act and suggested a federal system with more provincial power. 1929-30
What was a flaw in the legitimacy of the Simon Commission?
It had no native Indian representation
What political event took place in 1929?
The Simon Commission
Why were the Round table conferences so unsuccesful?
They did not reach any agreement as Britain rejected ideas of India as a self-governing dominion.
When did the Round Table Conferences take place?
Early 1930s
What were the key changes made by the 2nd Government of India Act? And when was it passed?
Created a federation of India
Made provinces Self Governing with British appointed governors
Increased franchise to 35 million
1935
Why was the government of India act opposed by the Congress party?
It did not grant to India the same freedoms held by white dominions; and also allowed British rule to remain.
Why was the Government of India act rejected by the Princely states?
To maintain independence from the rest of India.
When did India gain independence?
1947
How did Japanese success in Asia during WW2 impact nationalist movements in India?
Ended the myth of white invincibility and convinced many Indian people it was possible to defeat the British.
How many Indian troops defected during WW2 and why?
30,000 troops had been captured by the Japanese and joined the INA to stop the British in Asia.
What does INA stand for? Why is it relevant?
Indian national army; tens of thousands of Indians joined to fight against the British
Who led the INA from 1943 onwards?
Subhas Chandra Bose
When did Gandhi return to India from S0uth Africa? What did he immediately become?
1915, President of Indian National Congress
What does INC stand for?
Indian National Congress
What did nationalists in India initially do at the beginning of WW2?
Suspended all protests.
When did Gandhi organise his non-cooperation movement?
1920
When did Gandhi organise his quit India movement?
1942
What was also done to India when it was granted independence?
It was partitioned, into India and Pakistan
Approximately how many people lost their lives in the violence that followed the partitioning of India?
£1 million people
