in class corticosteroids Flashcards

Question

Hypothyroidism cause s/s treatment

Answer 1

Cause: Inflammation of thyroid gland S/S: Low Metabolic Rate, weight gain, cold extremities, constipation, reduced libido, menstrual irregularities, reduced mental activity Treatment: Levothyroxine.... FOREVER

Answer 2

Cause: Pituitary or thyroid tumor, Graves Disease, Enlarged thyroid (goiter) S/S: Increased Metabolic Rate, weight loss, excessive body heat, sweating, diarrhea, tremors/nervousness, increased heart rate/palpitations, exophthalmos Treatment: Radioactive Iodine (RAI), Thyroid Surgery, Propylthiouracil (PTU) all followed by Levothyroxine... FOREVER

Answer 3

Available oral, IV, topical Used for a variety of reasons (suppress inflammation) Comes with great effects but great risks Can cause adrenal suppression, hyperglycemia, cardiovascular disease (weight gain), bone pain, bruising, poor wound healing and immunosuppression Never stop abruptly (HPA suppression)

Answer 4

individually used Ready for administration Can be self-administered Increases safety with insulin administration Less prep time required Reduces medicine waste Not commonly used due to cost

Answer 5

Provides precise dose of insulin based on blood glucose Can pair with continuous glucose monitor Patient must count carbohydrates Patient may need to readjust dosing with increased activity Easier to handle sick days

Answer 6

Given 15 minutes before meals or with meals Appears clear and colorless Dose depends on carbohydrate intake, glucose levels or anticipated activities May be given as a basal rate and/or sliding scale Onset 15-30 minutes Peak 1-3 hours Duration 3-5 hours

Answer 7

Administered with meals Individualized based on carb intake, premeal glucose levels, and anticipated activity Should be given 30 minutes of eating to avoid hypoglycemia Can be given IV – THE ONLY ONE!!! Onset 30 min Peak 3 hours Duration 8 hours

Answer 8

Given once or twice daily Appears white and cloudy Gently roll or invert to resuspend insulin Can be mixed with short or rapid-acting insulin Draw up cloudy-clear-clear-cloudy Onset 1-2 hours Peak 6 hours Duration Up to 24 hours

Answer 9

Usually given once daily Appears clear and colorless CANNOT be mixed with other insulins Given subcutaneous Onset 3-4 hours Peak None Duration > 24 hours

Answer 10

Increases blood glucose concentration rapidly Treatment for severe hypoglycemia Available SubQ, IM, IV, or PO Given if patient is unable to swallow Peak: 13-20 minutes after injection

Answer 11

Stimulates the release of insulin and increases sensitivity at receptor cells Taken at the same time each day Can cause disulfiram-like reaction – No alcohol Peak: 1-3 hours after 1st dose S/E: Weight gain and hypoglycemia

Answer 12

Contraindicated in patient’s with kidney disease Stop immediately with s/s of lactic acidosis Hold/stop if having a radiologic study using iodine Can cause metallic taste in the mouth Does NOT produce hypoglycemia Take at the same time each day Eat a healthy diet and incorporate exercise S/E: N/V, diarrhea, weakness, flatulence, indigestion, abdominal discomfort, headache

Answer 13

Increases insulin production and decreases hepatic glucose overproduction Take at the same time each day (with or without food) Stop with hypersensitivity S/E: Hypoglycemia

Answer 14

Synthetic T4 that is taken FOREVER Take with full glass of water and 30 min before breakfast or 4 hours before/after drugs that interfere with absorption (antacids, iron, calcium) Take at the same time each day Monitor serum thyroid closelyand weight S/E: Overtreatment = hyperthyroidism, drug-to-drug interactions

Answer 15

Used to treat hyperthyroidism in preparation for thyroidectomy or RAI Given every 8 hours Notify PCP if you become pregnant S/E: Hypothyroidism, liver failure, agranulocytosis, vasculitis, and fetal harm

Answer 16

Given in pill or liquid form to destroy the thyroid gland and thyroid cancer cells Harmful to pregnant women and small children Patients must sleep in separate beds Flush toilet 2-3 times daily Cover cough/sneeze with Kleenex S/E: Hypothyroidism (will need Levothyroxine after treatment)