Improvised Explosives Flashcards

1
Q

Why are improvised explosives dangerous

A

sensitive to ignition and unpredictable

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2
Q

How should fuels and oxidizers be stored

A

separate horizontally by at least 25 feet

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3
Q

What is the minimum distance blasting caps need to be separated from mixed fuels and oxidizers

A

25 feet

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4
Q

What is a fuel

A

material used to provide heat and or power by burning

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5
Q

What is an oxidizer

A

a chemical substance that furnishes oxygen for the burning of fuel

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6
Q

What is the definition of an improvised explosive

A

a specific combination of a fuel and oxidizer that results in an explosive compound

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7
Q

What is the definition of an improvised incendiary material

A

a specific combination of a fuel and oxidizer that results in a compound that can be made to burn for a period of time

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8
Q

What is the definition of an igniter

A

any device, chemical, electric, or mechanical used to ignite a substance

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9
Q

What is corrosive chemical action

A

The eating away or decomposing of various materials by the use of chemicals, i.e. sulfuric acid separated by copper disk with 50\50 mixture of potassium chlorate and sugar

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10
Q

What is the definition of a hypergolic reaction

A

to ignite spontaneously when mixed together

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11
Q

Calucium hypochlorite when mixed with brake fluid results in what

A

hypergolic reaction

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12
Q

What can aluminum powder be used for

A

to increase heat and sensitivity to ignition

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13
Q

What is the armstrong mixture

A

50\50 mix of potassium chlorate and red phosphorous

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14
Q

What is nitro-methane used for

A

commercially used as hobby fuel. when mixed with ammonium nitrate in binary explosives it results in a explosive compound

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15
Q

A self igniting molotov cocktail can be made how

A

2/3 gasoline, 1/3 sulfuric acid with potassium chlorate and sugar mixed 50/50 on outside

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16
Q

What must sodium metals be transported in

A

mineral oil

17
Q

Potassium permanganate when mixed with glycerin, sulfuric acid or ethyl glycol results in what

A

hypergolic reaction

18
Q

Thermite is a mixture of what

A

60% ferric oxide
20% aluminum
20% magnesium

19
Q

ANFO is a mixture of what

A

94 % ammonium nitrate

6 % fuel oil

20
Q

ANAL is a mixture of what

A

75 % ammonium nitrate

25% aluminum powder

21
Q

Flash powder is a mixture of what

A

aluminum powder
potassium chlorate
sulfur

22
Q

Triacetone tri-peroxide (TATP) is what

A

acetone, peroxide and sulfuric acid (strong acid)

23
Q

Hexamethyin triperoxide diamine (HMTD) is what

A

hexamine tablets, weak acid (citric acid), peroxide

24
Q

What is used to desensitize TATP and HMTD

A

70% alcohol

25
What physiological hazards could exist when confronted with an improvised incendiary device
caustic corrosive toxic by inhalation, absorption, ingestion
26
What 2 components are used in booby trapped foil metal balls disguised as narcotics
50% potassium chlorate | 50% red phosphorus
27
What explosive gas is released from acid and caustic chemical reaction bombs
hydrogen gas
28
What is the acronym FOX stand for
fuel/oxidizer
29
Is MEKP a primary or secondary explosive
primary | less sensitive and less powerful that TATP or HMTD
30
What is added to increase burning temperature or sensitivity to ignition in some improvised explosives
aluminum powder
31
What explosive is being made with citric acid
HMTD
32
What are 7 improvised primary explosives
``` TATP HMTD MEKP Mercury fulminate Silver fulminate Lead Azide Lead styphnate ```
33
List of improvised explosives
``` TATP HMTD MEKP Mercury fulminate Silver fulminate Lead Azide Lead styphnate ETN NG PETN RDX Urea nitrate ANFO (ammonium nitrate fuel oil) ANAL Armstrong mixture flash powder poor man's C-4 Hpom Nitro methane Thermite ```
34
What is HPOM made of
hydrogen peroxide organic material | peroxide percentage required to make HPOM is 60-70%
35
When dealing with IED's some different safety considerations are
``` Maximize distance from explosives minimize number of people exposed minimize time on target utilize shielding and remote operations when possible utilize PPE ```
36
If utilizing a robot to perform a recon, use it for
Initial entry to rule out booby traps and visual investigations air quality sampling when an air monitor is mounted to the robot