Improvised Explosives Flashcards
Why are improvised explosives dangerous
sensitive to ignition and unpredictable
How should fuels and oxidizers be stored
separate horizontally by at least 25 feet
What is the minimum distance blasting caps need to be separated from mixed fuels and oxidizers
25 feet
What is a fuel
material used to provide heat and or power by burning
What is an oxidizer
a chemical substance that furnishes oxygen for the burning of fuel
What is the definition of an improvised explosive
a specific combination of a fuel and oxidizer that results in an explosive compound
What is the definition of an improvised incendiary material
a specific combination of a fuel and oxidizer that results in a compound that can be made to burn for a period of time
What is the definition of an igniter
any device, chemical, electric, or mechanical used to ignite a substance
What is corrosive chemical action
The eating away or decomposing of various materials by the use of chemicals, i.e. sulfuric acid separated by copper disk with 50\50 mixture of potassium chlorate and sugar
What is the definition of a hypergolic reaction
to ignite spontaneously when mixed together
Calucium hypochlorite when mixed with brake fluid results in what
hypergolic reaction
What can aluminum powder be used for
to increase heat and sensitivity to ignition
What is the armstrong mixture
50\50 mix of potassium chlorate and red phosphorous
What is nitro-methane used for
commercially used as hobby fuel. when mixed with ammonium nitrate in binary explosives it results in a explosive compound
A self igniting molotov cocktail can be made how
2/3 gasoline, 1/3 sulfuric acid with potassium chlorate and sugar mixed 50/50 on outside
What must sodium metals be transported in
mineral oil
Potassium permanganate when mixed with glycerin, sulfuric acid or ethyl glycol results in what
hypergolic reaction
Thermite is a mixture of what
60% ferric oxide
20% aluminum
20% magnesium
ANFO is a mixture of what
94 % ammonium nitrate
6 % fuel oil
ANAL is a mixture of what
75 % ammonium nitrate
25% aluminum powder
Flash powder is a mixture of what
aluminum powder
potassium chlorate
sulfur
Triacetone tri-peroxide (TATP) is what
acetone, peroxide and sulfuric acid (strong acid)
Hexamethyin triperoxide diamine (HMTD) is what
hexamine tablets, weak acid (citric acid), peroxide
What is used to desensitize TATP and HMTD
70% alcohol
What physiological hazards could exist when confronted with an improvised incendiary device
caustic
corrosive
toxic by inhalation, absorption, ingestion
What 2 components are used in booby trapped foil metal balls disguised as narcotics
50% potassium chlorate
50% red phosphorus
What explosive gas is released from acid and caustic chemical reaction bombs
hydrogen gas
What is the acronym FOX stand for
fuel/oxidizer
Is MEKP a primary or secondary explosive
primary
less sensitive and less powerful that TATP or HMTD
What is added to increase burning temperature or sensitivity to ignition in some improvised explosives
aluminum powder
What explosive is being made with citric acid
HMTD
What are 7 improvised primary explosives
TATP HMTD MEKP Mercury fulminate Silver fulminate Lead Azide Lead styphnate
List of improvised explosives
TATP HMTD MEKP Mercury fulminate Silver fulminate Lead Azide Lead styphnate ETN NG PETN RDX Urea nitrate ANFO (ammonium nitrate fuel oil) ANAL Armstrong mixture flash powder poor man's C-4 Hpom Nitro methane Thermite
What is HPOM made of
hydrogen peroxide organic material
peroxide percentage required to make HPOM is 60-70%
When dealing with IED’s some different safety considerations are
Maximize distance from explosives minimize number of people exposed minimize time on target utilize shielding and remote operations when possible utilize PPE
If utilizing a robot to perform a recon, use it for
Initial entry to rule out booby traps and visual investigations
air quality sampling when an air monitor is mounted to the robot
