Improving Cardiovascular Endurance Flashcards
Define physical activity
any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure
The maximum work capacity of the cardiorespiratory systems is a factor of what?
VO2max which is the maximal amount of oxygen that can be take in and used by the body
The capacity of the neuromuscular system is a factor of what?
the maximum tension that can be developed by the working muscle
Why should the clinician assess the cardiovascular system?
To provide them justification for monitoring or for not monitoring activities during a patient’s rehab or providing modifications in the exercise prescription
Along with the state of the cardiorespiratory system what 6 things does physical fitness include?
- Muscle strength
- Muscle endurance
- Muscle power
- Balance
- Agility
- Flexibility
Define muscle strength
the ability of muscles to exert or resist a force
Define muscle endurance
the ability of the muscle to perform work
Define muscle power
the ability of a muscle to exert a high force at a high speed
Define balance
the ability to maintain equilibrium when the body is static or moving
Define agility
the ability to perform functional or powerful movements in opposite directions
Define flexibility
the ability to stretch, easily bend, or be pliable
Is physical activity the same as exercise and physical fitness?
No
What is exercise?
planned, structured and repetitive bodily movement done to improve or maintain one or more components of physical fitness
What is physical fitness?
a set of attributes that people have or achieve that relates to the ability to perform physical activity
After discontinuing an endurance training program how long does it take to lose half of the positive effects?
2 weeks
What 5 things can people who maintain or improve their levels of physical activity expect?
- better able to perform ADLs
- less likely to develop pain
- better able to avoid disability
- develop better balance, coordination, and agility, which leads to fall prevention
Physical activity may also decrease the risk of what 7 chronic diseases?
- Coronary heart disease
- Hypertension
- Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
- Osteoporosis
- Colon caner
- Anxiety
- Depression
Describe the ethnic differences in physical activity
Elderly African Americans and other ethnic minority populations are less active than white Americans
Physical activity is measured as a ration between what 2 things?
basal metabolic rate (BMR) and the rate required to perform a particular task
What is BMR?
the amount of energy required to sustain the body at rest in a supine position
The ratio between basal metabolic rate (BMR) and the rate required to perform a particular task is measured in what?
metabolic equivalents (METs)
What is cardiorespiratory endurance?
the ability to perform whole body activities for extended periods of time without unwarranted fatigue
What are the adaptations that occur within the circulatory system in response to exercise?
- Cardiac output (CO)
- Stroke volume (SV)
- Heart rate (HR)
- Blood flow
- Blood pressure (BP)
- Oxygen consumption
- Mitochondria
- Hemoglobin concentration
- Myoglobin
- Fat and carbohydrates
- Lung changes that occur due to exercise
What happens to HR in response to exercise?
it increases with exercise
