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imprialism Flashcards

1
Q

Old Imperialism

A

Age of Exploration, 1500s, Christopher Columbus, god.glory.gold
North and South America

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2
Q

New Imperialism

A

19th and 20th century
Over the globe
European countries wanted more raw materials for their inventions
Africa, China, Latin America, Japan, India

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3
Q

Motives for Imperialism

A

Sense of National Pride
Racism occured throughout European Countries
Europeans thought that because other countries werent as advanced, it meant that they were better

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4
Q

White Mans Burden

A

Written by Rudyard Kipling in 1899
White colonizers though it was their responsibility to educate and civilize the indigenous people
Written in the US

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5
Q

Africa before European Domination

A

Very traditional beliefs
Spoke more than 1000 languages
Both empires and villages
Some were Islamic or Christian

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6
Q

Europeans before Interior Africa Domination

A

Europe had contact with Africa since 1450
Europeans controlled mainly the coast, 10% of Africa
Disease and hard rivers inside the interior made it hard for Europeans to get in

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7
Q

What helped Europeans get into the interior of Africa

A

Steam powered ships

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8
Q

David Lvingstone

A

Spent 30 years in Africa

Opposed to slavery and believed the only way out was opening African trade to the interior as well as Christianity

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9
Q

Henry Stanley

A

Journalist, set off to look for Livingstone

found him in 2 years

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10
Q

The Butcher of Congo (what happened)

A

King Leopold exploited Congo´s natural resources AND the people

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11
Q

The Butcher of Congo (what happened)

A

King Leopold exploited Congo´s natural resources AND the people
Natives were his slaves, if they didn´t work fast enogh they would be beaten or slaughtered

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12
Q

How many Africans were estimated to be killed under Leopolds rule?

A

10 million

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13
Q

What was the Berlin Conference?

A

European leaders set up a meeting to set up rules for colonizing Africa
No Africans were invited
Whichever country built an outpost on the territory they wanted, they got to keep

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14
Q

Cecil Rhodes (becomes prime minister of South Africa)

A

British Imperialist
Controlled British South Africa Company
Wanted to create a new British Empire in South Africa

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15
Q

Who were the Zulus

A

African leader names Shaka conquered tribes to form the Zulus
Very skilled fighters
fought against European slave traders

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16
Q

Who did the Zulus go to war against

A

The British (Anglo-Zulu War)

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17
Q

Which countries controlled Africa?

A

Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Belgium, Portegual

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18
Q

Why wasnt Liberia imperialized

A

President Monroe helped freed slaves get back to their home

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19
Q

Why wasn´t Ethiopia imperialized

A

Emperor Menelik II modernized the Ethiopian army and was able to beat Italy in a battle
Able to fight against Europeans

20
Q

What did the Chinese consider themselves as

A

Middle Kingdom

21
Q

What did the Chinese view outsiders as and what did they used to keep them out

A

Barbarians, Great Wall

22
Q

How did barbarians get into China?

A

Silk Roads

23
Q

What did China have alot of?

A

Natural resources, silk, cotton

24
Q

China did not want to trade with

A

The west (Britain mostly)

25
Q

What did Britain smuggle into China to get back at the Chinese

A

Opium

26
Q

By 1835, how many chinese citizens were addicted to opium

A

12 million

27
Q

What did the Chinese do when the British refused to end opium trade

A

They declared war called the Opium Wars (1839-1842)

28
Q

Who won the Opium Wars

A

Britain, its modern navy helped win

29
Q

The Treaty of Nanjing effects

A

Britain received Hong Kong
China had to pay for the Opium Wars
China had to open all its ports to Britian

30
Q

What problems did China face?

A

Agriculture could not keep up with population growth

China was a sphere of Influence (had to trade with certain countries)

31
Q

What was the Open Door Policy

A

USA proposed a policy in China so merchants for any nation could trade freely

31
Q

What was the Open Door Policy

A

USA proposed a policy in China so merchants for any nation could trade freely

32
Q

What was the Boxer Rebellion

A

Poverty and Christianity upset the chinese, and having foreigners in their country expelled

33
Q

Who ended the Boxer Rebellion?

A

A 19,000 British, French, and American Army

34
Q

Who was in control of India before the British

A

Mughal Empire

35
Q

How did British economy interest begin in India

A

the British East India Company

36
Q

After the Mughal Empire, what company ruled over economically?

A

East India Company

37
Q

What were the EIC soldiers called?

A

Sepoys

38
Q

Britains rules for Indian citizens

A

Competition for trade was prohibited

Railroads were built by British for carrying out raw materials from India

39
Q

Some negatives that came out of Britain imperializing India

A

Britain had too much economical and political power

Reduced food production caused famine

40
Q

Positives that came out of Britain imperializing India

A

India had the 3rd largest railroad network

Economy became modernized and lost of Indian regions united

41
Q

By 1850, who controlled most of India

A

Britain

42
Q

What rumor was spread that started the Sepoy Mutiny

A

Sepoys gun cartridges were greased with beef and pork and sepoys would bite the heads off of the cartridges (they were Muslim and Hindus and werent allowed to have beef or pork)

43
Q

The Sepoy Mutiny

A

Indians refused cartridges and ended up rebelling, taking British a year t regain control

44
Q

What did India change after becoming a more modern country?

A

Arranged marriages and use of caste systems decreased,

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