Important Cytokines

Question 1

IL1 - Macrophages

Answer 1

Also called osteoclast-activating factor.
Causes fever, acute inflammation. Activates
endothelium to express adhesion molecules.
Induces chemokine secretion to recruit WBCs (neutrophil and macrophage migration).

Question 2

IL6 - Macrophages

Answer 2

Causes fever and stimulates production of acute phase
proteins.

inc. T and B cell growth

Question 3

IL8 - Macrophages

Answer 3

Major chemotactic factor for neutrophils. (also C5a and LB4)

Question 4

IL12 Macrophages

Answer 4

Induces differentiation of T cells into Th1 cells.

Activates NK cells.

Question 5

TNF alpha

Answer 5

Mediates septic shock. Activates endothelium.
Causes WBC recruitment –> granuloma, vascular leak.

Causes cachexia in malignancy

Question 6

IL2 - ALL T cells

Answer 6

Stimulates growth of helper, cytotoxic, and

regulatory T cells, and NK cells/ macrophages/ B cells

Question 7

TL3 - ALL T cells

Answer 7

Hemotopoeisis

Supports growth and differentiation of bone
marrow stem cells. Functions like GM-CSF.

Question 8

INF g - Th1

Answer 8

Secreted by NK cells and T cells in response
to IL-12 from macrophages; stimulates
macrophages to kill phagocytosed pathogens.
Inhibits differentiation of Th2 cells.

Also activates NK cells to kill virus-infected
cells. Increases MHC expression and antigen
presentation by all cells.

Question 9

IL4 - Th2

Answer 9

Induces differentiation of T cells into Th2 cells.
Promotes growth of B cells. Enhances class switching to IgE and IgG

Question 10

IL5 - Th2

Answer 10

Promotes growth and differentiation of B cells.
Enhances class switching to IgA. Stimulates
growth and differentiation of eosinophils.

Question 11

IL10

Answer 11

Attenuates inflammatory response. Decreases
expression of MHC class II and Th1 cytokines.
Inhibits activated macrophages and dendritic
cells. Also secreted by regulatory T cells.

TGF-β and IL-10 both attenuate the immune
response.