imperialism Flashcards
what were the major motivations behind imperialism?
-EMPIRE
-money: raw materials for factories, new markets
-national pride
-racism, social darwinism
-missionary motives
how did imperialism positvely impact the conquered peoples?
-economic growth
-technological growth- railroads, dams, telephone and telegraph lines
-education
-healthcare
how did imperialism negatively impact the conquered peoples?
-lost control of land
-destroyed families, ethnic groups, and culture
-slavery
-increased local warfare and political unrest
what role did technology and communication play in imperialism?
-it made colonizing areas more efficient
-railroads helped them gain territory
-these were also advantages conquered people gained from being colonized
-new tech like guns helped them conquer easier
what were some of the resistance movements against imperialism and how successful were they?
-taiping rebellion: unsuccessful
-boxer rebellion: unsuccessful
-sepoy mutiny: unsuccessful
how did imperialism shape the political/ economic landscape of today?
-divided africa in many of the countries it is now
-china and japan now have open trade
-china tries to never put themselves in a position to be humiliated again
is imperilaism a thing of the past or do you see it still present in politics and economics today?
-it is still seen today
-while many countries don’t colonize places anymore they still use principles of imperialism
-places still try to conquer or trade with other places to get money
what lessons can wer learn from imperialsim? how can we use these to inform our understanding of modern-day globalization and international relations?
-we can learn that we have to respect the value of other people’s culture
-view each person as a child of God and image-bearer
-try to be respectful in all we do
-when we take action that will affect another country consider how it will affect them, not just us
EMPIRE
motives for imperialism:
exploratory
military
political
ideological
religious
economic
white man’s burden
-piece by ruyard kipling
-idea that many european countries had a duty to spread culture/religion to the less civilized
isolationist policy of japan
-national policy of avoiding involvment in world affairs
-had it until meiji restoration
admiral perry’s black ships
-U.S. warships that came into edo bay on 1853
-told japan that they had to open trade
-caused meiji resotration
japanese civil war
-aka boshin war
-1868-1869
-fought between tokagawa and people who wanted to give power to the emperor
meiji restoration
-1853
-japanese industrialization/westernization
-eliminated shogun, daimyo, and samurai
-gave power to emperor
-created 3 branch govt.
-were able to pick and choose what they wanted to use from other western govts
meiji slogan
“westernize, industrialize”
meiji industrialization
modernized…
-transporation (ports, railroad)
-communication (telegraph, postal system)
-education
-banking system
also…
-sold govt buisnesses to investors/ buisness families
meiji reforms
-abolition of feudal system
-land redistribution
-westernized school system (french and german)
-modernized army (prussia)
-built modern navy (britain)
-emperor worship intensified
-more human rights and religious freedoms (america)
-written constitution (german, america)
-modern banking system
meiji world tour
-ambassadors sent around the world
-goal was to learn about western industries
japan’s imperialist policies
-needed to expand bc they lacked natural resources
-wanted new markets
-wanted to show other countries they were powerful
sino-japanese war
-1894-1895
-between japan and china
-showed china was paper tiger but japan was strong
-japan gained its first colonies in manchuria, taiwan, and pescadores islands
russo-japanese war
-1904-1905
-between russia and japan
-fought over manchurian territory
-russia was defeated by japanese navy
-showed they could compete with the big powers in europe
east india company
-joint-stock trading company
-became defacto government in india
-set up trading posts in india in the 1600s
-started british interest in india
robert clive
-english general in EIC
-led battle of plessy and commanded EIC’s private army
jewel in the crown
-what britain called india
-there were jewels there
-most valuable british colony
sepoys
-indian troops hired by EIC for private army
sepoy mutiny
-sepoys and indian citizens rebelled against EIC and britain
-1857
-EIC offended them religiously and culturally