Impairments Flashcards
Brunnstrom stage 2 synergies
involuntary movement only
alpha motor neurons more sensitive to input
neural cause
skill acquisition strategies
immediate feedback manual guidance blocked practice, little variation motivation important
diagnostic indicator of UMN problems
stretch-sensitive hypertonicity
stiffness due to immobilization/atrophy
non-neural cause
lean towards weak side
pusher syndrome
unable to communicate or move but cognitively intact
locked in syndrome
Brunnstrom stage 6 synergies
isolate all joints
Considerable increase in muscle tone, passive movement difficult
Modified ashworth scale 3
pharmacological treatment of hypertonicity
baclofen valium botox injection
treatment of synergy/activation problems
task specific training practice with varied timing or force demands
Unable to test
Modified ashworth scale 9
PT treatment of hypertonicity
slow, sustained stretching (short term effect)
passive movement of limbs at varying speeds
examination of tone
more marked increase in muscle tone through most of the ROM but affected part easily moved
Modified ashworth scale 2
no increase in muscle tone
Modified ashworth scale 0
Brunnstrom stage 5 synergies
isolate two joints
facilitation techniques for 0 or 1 on MMT
utilize stretch reflex pathway for autogenic facilitation tapping activation only alpha mn
patient hold position with isometric resistance of agonists followed by antagonists
alternating isometrics
grasping behavior without conscious awareness of patient
alien hand syndrom
modification of AI with isometric resistance provided in rotation motion
rhythmic stabilization
muscle performance with CNS pathology
decreased force production: inadequate input to alpha motor neuron Hemiplegia Paraplegia Tetraplegia
Surgical treatment of hypertonicity
nerve cut or block
slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch folled by minimal resistance throughout the remainder (less than half) of the ROM
Modified ashworth scale 1+
Brunnstrom stage 1 synergies
no movement
Brunnstrom stage 7 synergies
normal movement
Brunnstrom stage 3 synergies
abnormal synergy only
Brunnstrom stage 4 synergies
isolate one joint
motor planning disorder
apraxia
affected part rigid in flexion or extension
Modified ashworth scale 4
slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch or by minimal resistance at the end of the range of motion, when the affected part is moved in flexion or extension
Modified ashworth scale 1
