Impact Of Skill Classification On Structure of Practice For Learning

Question 1

What are the three methods of presenting practice

Answer 1

–Whole practice
–Progressive part practice
–Whole-part-whole practice

Question 2

Define whole practice

Answer 2

Practicing the skill in its entirety

Question 3

When to use whole practice

Answer 3

When skill is
–Fast
–Closed
–Discrete
–Self paced
–Simple
– Highly organised

Question 4

Examples of whole practice

Answer 4

– Golf swing
– Tennis serve

Question 5

Advantages of whole practice

Answer 5

– Gives a feel for whole skill
– Helps create specific images, developing motor programmes to be stored in LTM
–More realistic than PPP, helps produce positive transfer between skills in training and matches
–Helps make skill consistent

Question 6

Disadvantages of whole practice

Answer 6

– May place unnecessary demands on cognitive learner
– Could fatigue if no break in-between
– Cognitive overload

Question 7

What is a solution to problems with whole practice

Answer 7

Whole part whole

Question 8

Define whole part whole practice

Answer 8

Assessing the skill, identifying a weakness to practice, then putting skill back together again

Question 9

When is whole part whole used

Answer 9

When skill is
–Complex
–Fast
–Highly organised

Question 10

Advantages of whole part whole

Answer 10

Shows weakness and corrects it

Question 11

Disadvantages of whole part whole

Answer 11

–Time consuming
–Some skills cannot be broke down

Question 12

Example of when to use whole part whole

Answer 12

Golf swing when the performer has a poor grip

Question 13

Define Progressive part practice

Answer 13

Each part of skill is added gradually

Question 14

When to use progressive part practice

Answer 14

When skill is
–Complex
–Serial
–Externally paced
–Low organised

Question 15

Advantages of PPP

Answer 15

–Keeps link between parts
–Stages of success-> ^motivation, reduces danger fatigue and demands
– Focus on weaknesses

Question 16

Disadvantages of PPP

Answer 16

–Time consuming
–If first part is incorrect, all is lost
–Negative transfer

Question 17

Example of using PPP

Answer 17

A dance routine

Question 18

Define massed practice

Answer 18

No rest intervals

Question 19

When to use massed practice

Answer 19

When skill is
– Discrete
– Simple
– Closed
– Highly organised
– Self paced

Question 20

Advantages of massed practice

Answer 20

– Forms motor programmes
– Increases fitness
– Good for habitual responses
– Efficient

Question 21

Disadvantages of massed practice

Answer 21

– No time for feedback
– Fatigue
– Too demanding

Question 22

Example of massed practice

Answer 22

Basketball player practicing free throws

Question 23

Define distributed practice

Answer 23

Rest intervals between sessions

Question 24

When to use distributed practice

Answer 24

When the skill is
– Continuous
– Complex
– Low organised
–Serial
–Externally paced

Question 25

Advantages of distributed practice

Answer 25

– Allows recovery
– Less mental practice
– Allows for feedback
– Reduces risk of injury

Question 26

Disadvantages of distributed practices

Answer 26

– Time consuming
– Negative transfer

Question 27

Example of distributed practice

Answer 27

A swimmer practicing stroke technique in training

Question 28

Define varied practice

Answer 28

Changing the skills and drills and types of practice

Question 29

When is varied practice used

Answer 29

When skill is
– Complex
– Open
– Externally paced

Question 30

Disadvantages of varied practice

Answer 30

– Time consuming
– Possibility of negative transfer
– Fatigue
– Too demanding

Question 31

Advantages of varied practice

Answer 31

– Builds a schema
– Gives motivation
– Allows adaptation

Question 32

Example of varied practice

Answer 32

Players practicing a football pass

Question 33

Define mental practice

Answer 33

Go over the skill in mind without movement

Question 34

When to use mental practice

Answer 34

When skill is
– Serial, complex
For novice
— Usually during rest in distributed practice
For experts
— Whole task, do it for real

Question 35

Advantages of mental practice

Answer 35

– Improves reaction time
– Builds motor programmes
– Builds confidence
– Controls anxiety

Question 36

Disadvantages of mental practice

Answer 36

– Must be correct
– Environment must be calm

Question 37

Example of Mental practice

Answer 37

A performer on the trampoline going over the routine before competition