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Pe Year 1 Section B > General Information Processing Model > Flashcards

General Information Processing Model Flashcards

1
Q

Define information processing

A

The methods by which data from the environment are collected and utilised

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2
Q

What is the process of information processing

A

Input –>Decision making–>Output

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3
Q

Define the input stage

A

Information picked up by the senses

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4
Q

Define receptor systems

A

The senses that pick up information from the display

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5
Q

What are the five receptor systems

A

–Sight
–Auditory sense (hearing)
–Touch
–Balance
–Kinesthesis

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6
Q

What are the internal senses

A

Touch
Balance
Kinesthesis

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7
Q

What are the external senses

A

Sight and hearing

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8
Q

What types of receptor are the internal senses

A

Proprioceptors

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9
Q

Define selective attention

A

Filtering relevant information from irrelevant information

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10
Q

Describe the decision making phase

A

Performer must make decision based on info. collected by senses. Can be difficult with the amount of information so we use selective attention

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11
Q

How to develop selective attention

A

–Improve motivation- praise can help a performer concentrate
– Mental rehearsal
–Can focus on concentrating on important information e.g. Bright ball in football
–Train with distractions

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12
Q

What are the benefits of selective attention

A

– Improves reaction time
– Improves chances of making correct decisions
– Can concentrate on detailed aspects of task

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13
Q

What is the perceptual stage of information processing

A

The process of coding and interpreting sensory information picked up from receptor systems

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14
Q

What are the 3 aspects of the perceptual stage of information processing

A

Detection, comparison, recognition

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15
Q

What is the detection aspect

A

Performer picking up the relevant information

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16
Q

What is the comparison aspect

A

Trying to match the relevant information identified to information already in memory

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17
Q

What is the recognition aspect

A

The performer has used information from memory to identify an appropriate response

18
Q

Define translatory mechanisms

A

Adapting and comparing coded information to memory so that decisions can be made. Uses past experience to compare with

19
Q

Define effector mechanism

A

The network of nerves that sends coded impulses to the muscles

20
Q

What is the output stage

A

Muscles receive coded impulses, then the muscles contract and response can begin

21
Q

What is the feedback stage

A

Is the information during or after the skill has been done

22
Q

What is the order of Whiting WMM

A

Input-> detected by receptor systems-> perceptual mechanisms-> translators mechanisms-> effector mechanisms-> muscles contract-> Feedback

23
Q

What are three central mechanisms of Whitings WMM

A

Perceptual mechanisms
Translators mechanisms
Effector mechanisms

24
Q

What are the characteristics of Baddley and Hitch’s memory model

A

Central executive
Phonological loop
Visuoapatial sketchpad
Episodic buffer

25
Q

Define central executive

A

The control centre of B&H WMM

26
Q

Define Phonological loop

A

Deals with auditory information from the senses and helps produce the memory trace e.g. coach’s instruction

27
Q

Define Visuospatial sketchpad

A

Used to temporarily store visual and spatial information

28
Q

Define Episodic Buffer

A

Coordinates the work of Phonological loop and Visuoapatial sketchpad into sequences to be sent to LTM

29
Q

What are the features and functions of the memory system

A

–Initiates action by sending the memory trace
–Has limited capacity
–Limited time scale-lasts 30s before lost or used
–Important info stored in LTM as motor programme
–LTM has large capacity

30
Q

Define chunking

A

Breaking the skilled action into sub-routines

31
Q

How can you help store information

A

–Rewards
–Mental practice
–Chunking of skill
–Repetition
–Focus
–Chaining

32
Q

What is chaining

A

Items are recalled as a sequence

33
Q

What are the 4 parameters of schema

A

Initial conditions
Response specifications
Sensory consequences
Response outcomes

34
Q

What makes up the recall scheme

A

Initial conditions
Response specifications

As info used is recalled from memory

35
Q

What makes up the recognition schema

A

Sensory consequences
Response outcome

As info uses controls and adapts the action. The info required to perform skill is recognised

36
Q

What is the initial conditions

A

Infomation from the environment

‘Where am I?’

37
Q

Define response specifications

A

Information about what to do

‘How far away is the nearest player and therefore how far do I need to pass the ball?’

38
Q

Define recall schema

A

Initiates movement, comes before the action

39
Q

Define recognition schema

A

Controls movement during the action

40
Q

Define sensory consequences

A

Information about the feel of the movement

‘Grip on ball’ may be adjusted depending on length of pass

41
Q

Define response outcome

A

Feedback about the result

‘Did pass reach intended target’

42
Q

How can you build a schema

A

Vary practice and feedback which develops motor programmes

Pe Year 1 Section B (6 decks)

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