Immunotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Types of immunotherapy

A

Cytokines

Tumor or DNA vaccinations

Monoclonal antibodies
- Active or passive.

Checkpoint inhibitions - Inhibition of CTLA-4 or PD-1 in tumors that express these.

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2
Q

Types of tumor antigens

A

Tumor specific antigens

Tumor associated antigens.

Oncofetal antigens - normally only in fetus

Viral antigens - from viruses

Differentiation antigens - Expressed in other cells but seen in very high amounts in tumor cells.

Unique antigens - Only in tumors. CyclinD/cdk4 multiprotein complex, BCR/ABL

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3
Q

Side effects of immunotherapy

A

EGFR - skin rashes, interstitial lung disease, hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia

HER2 - Cardiotoxicity and LF EF reduction

TyrK inhibs - Hand-Foot syndrome and diarrhea

CTLA-4 inhibitors and PDL-1 inhibitors

  • T cells are everywhere, so lots of symptoms.
  • Worse effects with CTLA-4, but occur in about 60%
  • Milder with PDL-1, but occur in about 80%
  • Skin rashes, alopecia, psoriasis, vitiligo
  • GI upset, diarrhea, colitis, stomatitis
  • Pancreatitis, Hepatitis
  • Pneumonitis, Pulmonary fibrosis, dyspnoe
  • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
  • Hyperglycemia
  • CNS Peripheral neuropathy, GBS, Myasthenia gr.
  • Renal, interstitial nephritis, AKI
  • Uveitis
  • Hypertension
  • Myalgia, arthritis.
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