immunotherapy

Question 1

what is immunotherpy

Answer 1

way of treating disease by activating or surpressing the immune system

Question 2

earliest immunotherapy
1) variolation
2) oriental sore

Answer 2

1) protection from smallpox
2) exposure to sandflies infected with leishmainia to ensure protection from facial scarring

Question 3

approaches to immunotherapy
1) non specific statagies
2) vaccination stratagies:
-garsadil/carvarix
-HPV16/18
-HPV 6

Answer 3

2) -for cervical cancer
-HPV16/18 cause 70% of cervical cancer
-HPV 6 cause 90% of genital warts

Question 4

approaches to immunotherapy
3) antibody therpies
-monoclonals for therapy
-example of cytokine cascade in rheumatoid arthritis. (TNF)

Answer 4

-mocks immune system to fight infection
TNF places most crucial role in RA inflammation.
therefore blockage of RA cytokine TNF controls disease by using monoclonal antibodies

Question 5

what are checkpoint inhibitors for monoclonal antibodies
-example of checkpoints blocked CTLA-4 and PD-1

Answer 5

immunotherapy drugs which acts by blocking specific molecules that regulate the immune system

Question 6

4) cell based therapy
-most common HSC transplantation

Answer 6

-treats blood disorders and leukaemia by bone marrow and haemopoietic stem cell transplantation
-autologous (self)

Question 7

effects of virus specific T cell
-EBV (epstein barr virud)
-PTLD (post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder)

Answer 7

virus specifc T cells can be used on EBV B cell lymphoma which can lead to PTLD.

Question 8

engineering T cell with cancer specific receptors
e.g. CAR- T cells

Answer 8

-genetic modification of patients T cells (autologous)