Immunosuppressants

Question 1

Immunosuppressants that Block T-cell activation by preventing IL-2 transcription

Answer 1

Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus

Question 2

Calcinuerin inhibitor that bind FK506

Answer 2

Tacrolimus

Question 3

Calcinuerin inhibitor that binds cyclophilin

Answer 3

Cyclosporine

Question 4

mTOR inhibitor that binds FKBP

Answer 4

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

Question 5

Immunosuppresant that blocks T-cell activation and differentiation of B-cells by preventing response to IL-2

Answer 5

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

Question 6

Sirolimus (Rapamycin) mechanism

Answer 6

Blocks T-cell activation and B-cell differentiation by preventing response to IL-2

Question 7

Tacrolimus mechanism

Answer 7

Calcineurin inhibitor that binds FK506 preventing IL-2 transcription which blocks T-cell activation

Question 8

Cyclosporine mechanism

Answer 8

Calcineurin inhibitor that binds cyclophilin preventing IL-2 transcription which blocks T-cell activation

Question 9

Nephrotoxic immunosuppressant

Answer 9

Both calcineurin inhibitors are nephrotoxic but cyclosporine > tacrolimus

Question 10

Tacrolimus inhibits what

Answer 10

Calcineurin

Question 11

Cyclosporine inhibits what

Answer 11

Calcinuerin

Question 12

Sirolimus (Rapamycin) inhibits what

Answer 12

mTOR

Question 13

Sirolimus

Answer 13

mTOR inhibitor that binds FKBP preventing IL-2 response and blocking T-cell activation and B-cell differentiation

Question 14

Indications for Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

Answer 14

Kidney transplant rejection prophylaxis

Question 15

Immunosuppressant given to synergistically with cyclosporine

Answer 15

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

Question 16

Immunosuppressant used in drug-eluding stents

Answer 16

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

Question 17

Immunosuppresant that spares the kidney

Answer 17

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

Question 18

Other indications for cyclosporine

Answer 18

Psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis

Question 19

Toxicities associated with cyclosporine

Answer 19

Nephrotoxicity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, neurotoxicity, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism

Question 20

Toxicities associated with tacrolimus

Answer 20

Increased risk of diabetes and neurotoxicity; NO gingival hyperplasia or hirsutism

Question 21

Nephrotoxic immunosuppressant that does not cause gingival hyperplasia or hirsutism

Answer 21

Tacrolimus

Question 22

Nephrotoxic immunosuppressant that causes gingival hyperplasia and hirsutism

Answer 22

Cyclosporine

Question 23

Monoclonal antibody that blocks IL-2R

Answer 23

Basiliximab

Question 24

Monoclonal antibody that causes edema, hypertension and tremors

Answer 24

Basiliximab

Question 25

Toxicity associated with azathioprine (6-MP)

Answer 25

Pancytopenia

Question 26

Immunosuppressant contraindicated with allopurinol

Answer 26

Azathioprine

Question 27

Enzyme responsible for azathiprine degradation

Answer 27

Xanthine oxidase

Question 28

Immunosuppressant that inhibits lymphocyte proliferation by blocking nucleotide synthesis

Answer 28

Azathioprine

Question 29

Other indications for azathioprine

Answer 29

Rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn disease, glomerulonephritis, and other immune conditions

Question 30

Antimetabolite precursor of 6-mercaptopurine

Answer 30

Azathioprine

Question 31

Mechanism of azathioprine

Answer 31

Blocks nucleotide synthesis inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation

Question 32

Mycophenolate mofetil other indications

Answer 32

Lupus nephritis

Question 33

Mycophenolate mofetil toxicities

Answer 33

GI upset, pancytopenia, hypertension, hyperglycemia

Question 34

Immunosuppressant associated with invasive CMV infection

Answer 34

Mycophenolate mofetil

Question 35

Mycophenolate mofetil is associated with what infection

Answer 35

CMV

Question 36

Mycophenolate mofetil mechanism

Answer 36

Reversibly inhibits IMP dehydrogensase preventing purine synthesis of B and T cells

Question 37

Immunosuppressant that reversibly inhibits IMP dehydrogenase

Answer 37

Mycophenolate mofetil

Question 38

Immunosuppressant that prevents purine synthesis of B and T cells and is associated with invasive CMV infections

Answer 38

Mycophenolate mofetil

Question 39

Immunosuppressant that is less nephrotoxic and neurotoxic and reversibly inhibits IMP dehydrogenase

Answer 39

Mycophenolate mofetil

Question 40

Reversible inhibitor of IMP dehydrogenase also indicated for lupus nephritis

Answer 40

Mycophenolate mofetil

Question 41

Immunosuppressant that inhibits NF-kB

Answer 41

Corticosteroids

Question 42

Immunosuppressant that suppresses B and T cell function by decreasing transcription of many cytokines

Answer 42

Corticosteroids

Question 43

Corticosteroid mechanism

Answer 43

Inhibits NF-kB decreasing transcription of many cytokines suppressinb B and T-cell function

Question 44

Corticosteroids induce apoptosis in what cells

Answer 44

T-cells

Question 45

T-cell apoptosis is induced by which immunosuppressant

Answer 45

Corticosteroids

Question 46

Indications for corticosteroids

Answer 46

Many autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, adrenal insufficiency, asthma, CLL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 47

Immunosuppressant that causes artificial leukocytosis

Answer 47

Corticosteroids

Question 48

Adrenal insufficiency may develop if this immunosuppresant is stopped abruptly

Answer 48

Corticosteroids

Question 49

Cushing syndrome, osteoporosis, hyperglycemia are complications of which immunosuppressant

Answer 49

Corticosteroids

Question 50

Avascular necrosis, peptic ulcers, and adrenocoritcal atrophy are complications of which immunosuppressant

Answer 50

Corticosteroids

Question 51

Diabetes, amenorrhea and demargination of WBCs is seen with which immunosuppressant

Answer 51

Corticosteroids