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DMD 5244 (Immunity) > Immunopath of caries (complete) > Flashcards

Immunopath of caries (complete) Flashcards

1
Q

what is referred to as the mirror that reflects a persons health

A

the oral cavity

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2
Q

an ecological imbalance between the resident microbes and the hosts oral immunity leads to what

A

dental caries, periodontitis

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3
Q

what in the oral cavity drives the development of the oral adaptive immunity

A

the colonization of mucosal surface by commensals

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4
Q

what is the principal etiological agent of dental caries

A

S. Mutans

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5
Q

what is the national anticaries strategy

A
  1. combat the microbial agent
  2. increase tooth resistance
  3. modify diet
  4. deliver anticaries treatment to the public
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6
Q

what kind of acid is made from the commensal bacteria that will cause dental caries

A

lactic acid

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7
Q

how volatile is lactic acid

A

less volatile

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8
Q

does lactic acid chelate calcium

A

yes

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9
Q

what does the glucose polymers (glucans) made by commensals from sucrose via GTF enzyme do

A

facilitates bacterial adherence

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10
Q

what is the enzyme that helps make glucans for commensals

A

glucosyltransferase GTF

without it, the bacteria wont adhere to the mucus membrane

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11
Q

What group of S. mutans is mostly responsible for caries

A

S. mutans serotype C

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12
Q

besides S. Mutans, what other bacteria are involved in caries formation

A

Streptococcus sobrinus
lactobacillus species
actinomyces

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13
Q

what bacteria is associated with enamel caries

A

smooth parts - S. mutans, S. salivarius

pits and fissures - S. mutans, lactobacilli

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14
Q

what bacteria is associated with dentin caries

A

lactobacilli

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15
Q

what bacteria is associated with root caries

A

actinomyces

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16
Q

what causes fermentation, and what does fermentation cause

A

it is caused by bacteria that use sugars, and give off lactic acid. fermentation leads to lactic acid creation, and a decrease in oral pH

17
Q

what is special about the sugars that S. Mutans can ferment

A

it is the only bacteria in the mouth that ferments mannitol, and sorbitol. and it ferments glucose better than any other bacteria

18
Q

S. mutans makes dextran, what is it and what does it do

A

it is long strand polymers of sucrose with many arms that form a sticky gelatinous substrate. it traps bacteria and allows it to attach to tooth surfaces

19
Q

what is the surface antigen of S. mutans that allows it to stick to the teeth

A

SA I/II

20
Q

what part of S. mutans is immunologically like dextranase

A

SA I/II

21
Q

what are the relevant serotype of S, Mutans in humans

A

C, E, F (S. mutans)

D, G, H (S. sobrinus)

22
Q

what do the polysaccharide-type antigens bind to the cell surface

A

GTF (glucosyltransferase)

23
Q

what is proposed as an antigen in a target for caries vaccination

A

GTF

24
Q

if you have Abs against serotype-carb Ags, what will happen

A

the GTF will be prevented from binding to the cell, and that will prohibit caries formation

25
Q

at birth what are sIgA levels like

A

no sIgA in saliva

26
Q

for predentate infants, what Abs do patients have against S. Mutans

A

none

27
Q

when do kids finally get Abs against S. mutans

A

at 1 year

28
Q

why do the current levels of Ab not correlate to number of caries

A

because the caries could have started a long time prior to Ab sampling

29
Q

Is IgA deficiency associated with dental caries

A

yes

30
Q

what effect does PsIgA have against S. mutans

A

it works against Ag I/II andblocks S. mutans from adhering, which leads to caries resistance

31
Q

what bacteria causes RSC (root surface caries)

A

actinomyces, S. mutans, and lactobacillis

32
Q

what is the best immune response for RSC (root surface caries)

A

the complement-IgG-PMN axis

33
Q

what is the goal of vaccinations for caries prevention

A
  1. prevent attachment
  2. reduce in number of pathogen
  3. interfere with its metabolic activity
34
Q

what is the problem that comes with creating a vaccine that targets S. mutans Ag

A

the S. mutans Ag is cross reactive with S. pyogenes (this would create autoreactive T-cells that attack the heart and kindeys)

35
Q

what is a possible disease/pathology that could be created by doing vaccination against S. mutans Ag

A

rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis

DMD 5244 (Immunity) (16 decks)

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