Immunology Test 1 Practice Questions Summer 2010 Flashcards
This MHC molecule delivers peptides generated in acidified endosomal vesicles to the cell surface for presentation to T cells.
MHC-2
Regulation of body temperature is a function of this part of the brain.
Hypothalamus
The progenitor cell that gives rise to granulocytic leukocytes.
Myeloid progenitor cell
This host protein binds free iron, impairing bacterial growth.
Lactoferrin
This complement protein regulates both the classical and alternative complement pathways.
Factor 1
Eosinophils, monocytes and heterophils are among the blood cells produced by this domestic species.
Chicken
A synonym for central lymphatic organ.
Primary lymphatic organ
T cells mostly occupy the paracortex region in this lymphatic organ.
Lymph node
Activation and degranulation of mast cells is mediated by this complement fragment.
C3a
This host cell expresses pattern recognition receptors that recognize conserved molecular patterns on microorganisms.
Macrophage
T or F: Antigen presentation by class I MHC protein is impaired in a person with a genetic defect in the HLA-DM gene.
F
T or F: Hydrolysis of complement protein C3 can result in initiation of the alternative pathway of complement.
T
T or F: Autologous antigen describes an antigen that is found in genetically distinct members of the same species.
F
T or F: Resting endothelium expresses mainly selectin cell surface adhesion molecules.
F
T or F: The endocrine activity of interleukin-1 is a function of IL-1B.
T
T or F: Factor D stabilizes the alternative pathway C3 convertase, increasing its half-life on the cell surface.
F
T or F: Chemical mediators of acute inflammation are derived from both endogenous and exogenous sources.
T
T or F: The class I MHC heavy chain and 2-microglobulin are encoded by genes located in the MHC complex.
F
T or F: In the thymus, T cell development occurs mostly in the outer cortical region.
T
T or F: In pigs, protection of the respiratory tract against microbial invasion is the function of pulmonary intravascular macrophages and alveolar macrophages.
T
T or F: Host immune responses are elicited against microbial pathogens only.
F
T or F: Cytokines exhibit synergistic and antagonistic properties.
T
T or F: In tissue, a neutrophil has a lifespan of about 10-14 days.
F
T or F: Antibodies can bind to free haptens.
T
T or F: MHC genes are polymorphic, ie, many alleles exist for each gene.
T
T or F: Stable adhesion of neutrophils to activated endothelium is mediated by interaction between integrin and addressin cell adhesion molecules.
F- Addressins and Selectins mediate rolling
T or F: Langerhans cell matures into dendritic cell in lymph nodes.
T
T or F: Macrophages possess segmented nuclei.
F
Regarding the spleen, which of the following statements is least accurate?
a. The spleen removes aged erythrocytes and platelets from the blood.
b. In the spleen, B cells are organized into primary unstimulated follicles and secondary stimulated follicles.
c. Naive lymphocytes migrate from the blood into the spleen through the high endothelial venules
d. The spleen filters antigen from the blood.
C
Components of innate immunity that provide the first line of defense against microbial invasion include all of the following except
a. tissue macrophages.
b. cilia.
c. mucus.
d. epithelial barriers.
A
The following cell adhesion molecules expressed on activated endothelium promote leukocyte recruitment into inflamed tissue except
a. P-selectin.
b. ICAM-1.
c. CD11aCD18.
d. PECAM-1.
c. CD11aCD18. – on T-cell binds with I-CAM1 on APC – not on endothelium
Source of complement proteins.
a. Spleen
b. Neutrophils
c. Mast cells
d. Liver
D
Regarding class II MHC proteins, which of the following statements is incorrect?
a. It is a heterodimeric cell surface protein.
b. Each individual possesses up to 8 class II MHC molecules.
c. Class II molecules are expressed by professional antigen-presenting cells.
d. The peptide-binding cleft binds peptides containing up to 30 amino acids.
b. Each individual possesses up to 8 class II MHC molecules. – up to 6
Tissue macrophages are major sources of mediators of acute inflammation. The mediators secreted include each of the following except
a. leukotrienes.
b. prostaglandins.
c. bradykinin.
d. none of the above.
c. bradykinin. – not a mediator – just a sign of acute inflammation
The coating of bacterial cell by this complement fragment, promotes its attachment to and engulfment by phagocytes.
a. C5b
b. C2a
c. iC3b
d. Bb
c. iC3b – opsonization
Which cell processes antigens and presents antigenic peptides to T cells?
a. Neutrophil
b. Mast cell
c. Eosinophil
d. Dendritic cell
d
- Antimicrobial products of the respiratory burst include each of the following except
a. hydrogen peroxide.
b. superoxide anion.
c. defensin.
d. hypochlorous acid.
c
Which is the second step in the recruitment of neutrophils into an inflamed tissue?
a. Stable adhesion
b. Rolling
c. Diapedesis
d. Activation
d
Which complement protein is not required in the classical pathway?
a. C3
b. C4
c. Factor D
d. C8
c
Regarding neutrophils, which of the following statements is incorrect?
a. Antibacterial substances contained in the primary and secondary granules include lysozyme, defensins, and nitric oxide.
b. Neutrophils constitute the majority of blood leukocytes in most species.
c. Neutrophils concentrate at the site of bacterial invasion in response to chemo-tactic stimuli.
d. Dead neutrophils are the major component of pus.
a
Cells of the adaptive immune response include all of the following except
a. natural killer cell.
b. T lymphocyte.
c. B lymphocyte.
d. none of the above.
a. natural killer cell. – part of innate immune response
Regarding TNF-a, which of the following statements is inaccurate?
a. Activated macrophages serve as major sources of TNF-a
b. It is an endogenous pyrogen.
c. It is associated with septic shock.
d. It lacks endocrine activity.
d
Complement protein C5 is cleaved only if it is bound to
a. C3b.
b. C4b.
c. properdin.
d. C2b.
a
Regarding macrophages, which of the following statements is least accurate?
a. Macrophages are derived from monocytes.
b. Neutrophils follow monocytes as an early cellular component of acute inflammation.
c. Macrophages are long-lived cells.
d. Macrophages secrete cytokines to activate and promote innate and adaptive immune responses.
b
Which of the following applies to interleukin-1?
a. Hepatocytes constitute a major source of IL-1.
b. IL-1 promotes endothelial expression of cell adhesion molecules.
c. IL-1 is a potent microcidal agent.
d. None of the above.
b
Which microbial macromolecule elicits the most vigorous host immune response?
a. DNA
b. Polysaccharide
c. Glycolipid
d. Protein
d
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
a. C5b67—hydrophilic trimeric complex.
b. P-selectin—activated endothelium.
c. Class I MHC protein—nucleated cells.
d. Hydrogen peroxide—catalase
a
Which of the following lymphatic organs involutes in the host?
a. Bone marrow
b. Spleen
c. Bursa of Fabricius
d. Lymph node
c
Which of the following does not apply to chemokines?
a. Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that establish a chemical gradient to attract leukocytes to the site of infection.
b. Chemokines are low-molecular-weight proteins.
c. Chemokines interact with specific receptors on target cells.
d. CXC chemokines mediate monocyte recruitment to inflamed tissue.
d
Pluripotent stem cells differentiate to give rise to all blood cells. The stem cells reside primarily in the
a. spleen.
b. thymus.
c. bone marrow.
d. liver.
c
