immunology Flashcards
quantitative
number observations, -50 kg, 2m
qualitative
non numerical, acute, large
sensitivity
how a test will pick up a small amount of Ab or any other agent in biologic fluid
specificity
ability of test to give a +rxn only in an animal that has a Dz which a test is measuring
false +
wrongly assigns animal into a category
false -
wrongly excludes animal from a category
Ab tests
Ag will bind to Ab
Ag tests
Ab will bind to Ag
ELISA
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
ELISA tests for
Ab or Ag, affordable, ease and timing
most common ELISA used in practice
idexx
CELISA
competitive ELISA, if Ag is in sample it competes with enzyme labeled Ag and coats test wells
competitive ELISAs are used to test for
EIA
latex agglutination test
small, spherical latex particles coated in Ag
positive latex ag. test
clumping will occur
RIM
rapid immunomigration, lateral flow immunoassay
AGID
antibody agar gel immunodiffusion, no band = no Ab
RIA
radioimmunoassay, similar to CELISA except it has radioisotope, add patient serum, used for hormone levels
Fab
fluorescent antibody testing, detects Ab, anything that glows in positive
coombs testing
detects presence of inappropriate Ab against body’s own tissue
direct coombs
Ab against own RBCs, tests for AIHA, agglutination is positive
indirect coombs
circulating Ab
antibody titers
serology, active infection vs prior exposure, evaluate need for revax, requires serial dilution
high titer
active infection
low titer
previous infection
titers do not differentiate between
vaccine status and exposure
DNA tests can identify
cancers, genetic defects, pedigrees, bacterial contaminants in food
advantages in DNA tests
increased sensitivity and specificity, small samples with faster results
disadvantages of DNA tests
contamination gives false positives, high level of expertise
