blood transfusion

Question 1

needs for blood transfusion

Answer 1

acute hemorrhage, replacing vascular volume, whole blood transfusions, coagulopathies, vWD

Question 2

fresh whole blood (FWB)

Answer 2

unit of blood that has been obtained within 8 hours prior to administration

Question 3

fresh whole blood contains

Answer 3

all cellular and plasma components of blood, P who need red blood cells, plasma, and platelets

Question 4

stored whole blood

Answer 4

still contains all cellular and plasma components of blood, stored at 4 degrees, kept up to 28 days

Question 5

stored whole blood for patients who are

Answer 5

anemic or hypoproteinemic

Question 6

packed red blood cells (pRBC)

Answer 6

unit of blood that has red blood cells separated from plasma content within 8 hours of collection

Question 7

pRBC should be kept at

Answer 7

4 degrees for up to 42 days

Question 8

pRBC can be used in patients who are

Answer 8

anemic

Question 9

fresh frozen plasma (FFP)

Answer 9

unit of blood where RBC are separated from plasma which remain

Question 10

FFP is viable up to

Answer 10

a year, stored between 20-40 degrees C

Question 11

FFP contains

Answer 11

coag factors, albumin, and proteins

Question 12

FFP is used for

Answer 12

secondary coagulopathies, rodenticide poisoning, liver failure, DIC, and parvo

Question 13

frozen or stored plasma (SP)

Answer 13

frozen plasma stored at 20-40 degrees C, viable up to 2 years

Question 14

indications for SP

Answer 14

hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia

Question 15

cryoprecipitate

Answer 15

contains high levels of fibrinogen, fibronectin, factor VIII, vWF

Question 16

cryoprecipitate is used for

Answer 16

coagulopathies due to plasma protein deficiencies

Question 17

cryoprecipitate poor plasma

Answer 17

indicated in patients that are hypoproteinemic but the risk of synthetic plasma expanders outweighs the benefit.

Question 18

platelet rich plasma

Answer 18

only viable for 5 days at constant agitation

Question 19

DEA

Answer 19

dog erythrocyte antigen

Question 20

DEA are categorized as

Answer 20

positive or negative

Question 21

major DEA blood groups

Answer 21

1, 3, 4, 5, 7

Question 22

clinically significant blood groups

Answer 22

1 and 7

Question 23

_____ of dogs are positive for DEA 1 antigen

Answer 23

50%

Question 24

Dal-negative dogs are at high risk for

Answer 24

infusion incompatibility

Question 25

DEA 1 neg and DEA 1 pos will _________

Answer 25

not have an immediate reaction

Question 26

blood groups for cats

Answer 26

A, B, AB

Question 27

cats possess naturally occuring

Answer 27

antibodies to the erythrocyte antigen they are lacking

Question 28

Type B cats have ______ anti-A antibodies while type A cats have _____ anti-B antibodies

Answer 28

strong, weak

Question 29

transfusing type B cat with type A cat may result in

Answer 29

serious reaction and death

Question 30

additional blood cell antigen in cats

Answer 30

Mik

Question 31

method of blood typing

Answer 31

immunochromatography assay and agglutination assay

Question 32

______ is gold standard for blood typing

Answer 32

tube method

Question 33

look over slide 21-22

Question 34

blood cross matching tests assess

Answer 34

the serologic compatibility or incompatibility between donor and recipient

Question 35

crossmatching does not

Answer 35

replace blood typing

Question 36

universal dog donor

Answer 36

DEA 1 negative that has never had a transfusion

Question 37

blood type ____ is most common in cats and _____ is most rare

Answer 37

A, AB

Question 38

blood type AB does not have

Answer 38

naturally occuring alloantibodies

Question 39

moderate transfusion reactions

Answer 39

fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, vomiting

Question 40

how to treat transfusion reactions

Answer 40

transfusion should be stopped, and glucocorticoids should be administered, fluid therapy, vitals should be monitored

Question 41

severe transfusion reactions

Answer 41

tachypnea, hypotension, collapse, fever, bradycardia, sudden death

Question 42

treatment for severe reactions

Answer 42

cease transfusion, administer epi, IV fluids, O2, CPR

Question 43

blood volume transfusion equation

Answer 43

k (bw in kgs) (required PCV - recipient PCV) / pcv of donor blood (k = 90 in dogs and 66 in cats)

Question 44

no greater than _____ of donors blood should be collected

Answer 44

10%