cytology

Question 1

diagnose etiology in

Answer 1

ear/skin infection, reproduction, fluid evaluation, benign or malignant masses

Question 2

swabs used when

Answer 2

imprints, scrapings, and aspirates cannot be done

Question 3

areas to swab

Answer 3

ears, fistulous tracts, vagial collection

Question 4

how to take a swab sample

Answer 4

moisten sterile cotton or rayon swab with isotonic fluid (0.9% saline)

Question 5

after swab collection

Answer 5

roll swab along flat surface do not rub and damage cells

Question 6

ear cytology

Answer 6

ears may have excessive wax, pass through flame, excessive heat may damage cells

Question 7

when to perform ear swab

Answer 7

clinical signs of otitis externa, head shaking, ear scratching, erythema, pain, foul odor, discharge

Question 8

causes of otitis externa

Answer 8

primary, secondary, predisposing, and perpetuating

Question 9

primary factors of ear infection

Answer 9

cause infections to healthy ears

Question 10

secondary factors

Answer 10

opportunistic bacteria and yeast overgrowth (Malassezia pachydermatis)

Question 11

predisposing factors

Answer 11

pendulous pinnae and stenotic ear canal, envioronment (moist, humid, frequent swimming)

Question 12

perpetuating factors

Answer 12

continue the disease and include opportunist bacteria, yeast over growth, etc

Question 13

swab ear before

Answer 13

any ear cleaner

Question 14

materials for ear cytology

Answer 14

otoscope, cotton tip swabs, micro slide, mineral oil, stain, microscope

Question 15

reporting ear cytology findings

Answer 15

bacteria: rods, cocci, clusters, pairs, chains, tetrads, and quantify (+1, +2, +3)

Question 16

bacterial C&S ear swab supplies

Answer 16

gloves, sterile swabs, Dx lab form

Question 17

materials for vaginal swab

Answer 17

cotton tipped swab, microslides, methanol or fixative spray, staining solution

Question 18

objective of vaginal swab

Answer 18

obtain sample of epithelial cells from vagina and avoid vestibule

Question 19

steps to perform vaginal swab

Answer 19

part lips and gently insert swab at steep angle, when swab is fully inserted, rotate 2-3 times to get cells, gently remove

Question 20

staining vaginal swab

Answer 20

once slide is prepped, dip 5-10 in methanol to fix (Dif quik), after rinsing, slide is ready to examine

Question 21

PISA

Answer 21

parabasal, intermediate, superficial, anuclear

Question 22

parabasal cells

Answer 22

smallest epithelial cell, round shaped, high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, prevalent during diestrus or anestrus, absent during estrus

Question 23

intermediate cells

Answer 23

wider in diameter, 2-3 times larger than parabasal, prominent nucleus, seen during all stages except estrus

Question 24

superficial cells

Answer 24

largest cells in vaginal smears, polygonal shape and flat, nuclei are either absent or pyknotic, seen during estrus

Question 25

erythrocytes

Answer 25

observed in large numbers during proestrus, early diestrus

Question 26

neutrophils

Answer 26

abundant in smears during diestrus

Question 27

foam cells

Answer 27

nondescript epithelial cells containing vacuoles during anestrus