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MTAP 1st day Compre Reviewer > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

1st
and 2nd line of defense

A

Natural immunity
Non-specific and rapid

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2
Q

3rd line of defense

Has a standardized magnitude of response

A

Adaptive immunity
Specific and slow

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3
Q

Composition of Innate immunity

A

Phagocytic leukocytes
Dendritic cells
NK cells
Plasma proteins

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4
Q

Cardinal sign
Redness

A

Rubor - Increase blood flow

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5
Q

Cardinal sign
Heat

A

Calor - Interleukin production

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6
Q

Cardinal sign
Pain

A

Dolor - (lactic acid production)

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7
Q

Cardinal sign
Loss of function

A

Functio Laesa

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7
Q

Cardinal sign
Swelling
(release of fluid
to surrounding tissue)

A

Tumor

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8
Q

Plasma proteins that
increase rapidly by at
least 25% due to
infection, Trauma or
injury.

A

Acute Phase Reactants

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9
Q

Best marker for acute inflammation

A

C-Reactive Protein
6 to 10 hours

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10
Q

6 to 10 hours,
best marker for acute inflammation

A
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11
Q

True or False
If TLR bonds in its receptor
phagocytosis will occur

A

True

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12
Q

Toll like receptors for gram (+) bacteria

A

TLR2

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13
Q

Toll like receptors for gram (-) bacteria

A

TLR4

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14
Q

Innate immunity involves?

A

Inflammation
Acute Phase Reactants
Phagocytosis
Interferons
Tumor Necrosis Factor
Betalysin
Complement system

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15
Q

substances that coat particles and other organism
and make them more susceptible to phagocytosis. (Ex. C3b)

A

Opsonins

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16
Q

test for chemotaxis

A

Boyden chamber assay

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17
Q

HOW ANTIGENS ARE DESTROYED

A

■ Activation of NADPH oxidase
■ Nitric Oxide
■ Formation of Phagolysosome

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18
Q

✓ Inability to kill ingested microorganism
✓ Impaired NAPDH oxidase
✓ Test: Nitroblue Tetrazolium Test

A

Chronic granulomatous Disease

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19
Q

Incubation of Nitroblue Tetrazolium Test

A

37C for 15mins

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20
Q

Syndromes that involves Abnormal Chemotactic
Movement

A

✓ Lazy Leukocyte Syndrome
✓ Job’s Syndrome

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21
Q

Positive and Negative color for:
Nitroblue Tetrazolium Test

A

Purple-blue = Formazan (+) normal
Yellow = Formazan (-) abnormal

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22
Q

Type 1 interferons and their major producers

A

Alpha - NK cells
Beta - Fibroblasts and EC

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23
Q

Type 2 interferon and it’s major producer

A

Gamma - T cells

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24
Q

TNF ALPHA is produced by?

A

Macrophage

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25
Q

TNF BETA is produced by?

A

CD41 and CD8 cells

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26
Q

Release by platelets during coagulation
✓ Lysis of many G (+) bacteria

A

Betalysin

27
Q

Pathway that Requires IgM or IgG for activation

A

Classical pathway

28
Q

order of activation by classical

A

C142356789

29
Q

C1 is not needed in this pathway

A

Lectin pathway

30
Q

C124 is not needed in this pathway

A

Alternative pathway a.k.a properdin pathway

31
Q

Cleaves factor B into Bb in the
presence of C3 and Mg ions

A

Factor D

32
Q

binds to C3bBb to
prevent spontaneous decay of the complex

A

Properdin (Factor P)

33
Q

binds to C3b to form C3 convertase

A

Factor B

34
Q

Classical pathway C3 convertase

A

C4b2a

35
Q

Classical pathway C5 convertase

A

C4b2a3b

36
Q

Alternative pathway C3 convertase

A

C3bBb

37
Q

Alternative pathway C5 convertase

A

C3bBb3b

38
Q

dissociates C1r and C1s from C1q

A

C1 inhibitor ( C1 INH)

39
Q

cleaves C3b and C4b

A

Factor I

40
Q

Competes for factor B

A

Factor H

41
Q

acts as a cofactor with I to inactivate C4b

A

C4 binding protein

42
Q

prevent attachment of the C5b67 complex to cell membrane

A

S protein (vitronectin)

43
Q

accelerates dissociation of C3 convertase

A

Decay accelerating factor (DAF)

44
Q

clinical significance of decreased complement components

A

auto immune disorder

45
Q

amount of C’ serum that can cause hemolysis of the 50 % reagent RBC

A

CH50 Assay

46
Q

immunity obtained after injection of gamma globulin for the induction of an immune state

A

passive artificial immunity

47
Q

immunity obtained from vaccination

A

active artificial immunity

48
Q

largest secondary lymphoid organ

A

spleen

49
Q

T cells are found on:

A
  • Medullary perifollicular and paracortical region of lymph node
  • Periarteriolar regions of spleen
  • Thoracic duct of circulatory system
50
Q

B cells are found on:

A
  • Follicular of lymph nodes
  • Primary follicles and red pulp of spleen
  • Follicular region of Gut-associated lymphoid tissue
51
Q

what T cell receptor is for Sheep RBC

A

CD2

52
Q

what T cell receptor is the Antigen Receptor complex

A

CD3

53
Q

T cell receptor of MHC class II molecule (T helper cells)

A

CD4

54
Q

Receptor of MHC class I molecule (T suppressor & T
cytotoxic cells)

A

CD8

55
Q

what T cell receptor is involved with Interleukin 2

A

CD25

56
Q

what T cell receptor is seen in NK cells with the absence of CD3

A

CD56 and CD16

57
Q

Precursor cell in antibody production

A

B lymphocytes

58
Q

most common B cell

A

B2

59
Q

which B cell is found in the surface organ

A

B cell AB

60
Q

Double positive thymocytes development

A

w/ CD4 + CD 8 +

61
Q

Double negative thymocytes development

A

CD2 + no CD4 & CD 8

62
Q

Mature T cell development

A

Either by CD4 + or CD 8 +

63
Q

Activated T cell development

A

Binded by IL – 2 : Receptor : CD25

64
Q

Sensitized T cell development

A

Secretes lymphokines not sensitized t cell: memory T cell

MTAP 1st day Compre Reviewer (10 decks)

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