Immuno Exam Questions

Question 1

Region in the variable domain of protein in the Ig Sperfamily + TCR
Less variable than Complementarity determining region

Answer 1

Framework region

Question 2

Part of variable chains in Igs and TCR (Ag-specific)

Answer 2

Complementarity Determining Region

Question 3

Somatic mutation of VDJ DNA segments allows single B cell to produce Igs of different

Answer 3

IDIOTYPE
Idiotype - Actual Ag binding site OR variable region sequence outside of the Ag binding site on Ab
Each Ab has multiple idiotopes. Set of these idiotopes = Idiotype of Ab

Question 4

Splicing of VDJ segments for Ig heavy chains occurs ___

Answer 4

Bone marrow

Question 5

Somatic hypermutation of Fab AND class switching (gene splicing) in Igs occur in ___

Answer 5

Lymph node germinal center

Question 6

Splicing of T cell receptor genes (VDJ genes) to produce receptor specific for Ag peptide/MHC [functional TCR] occurs ___

Answer 6

Thymic cortex

Question 7

After complete Ig heavy chain assembly, V/D and D/J splice junctions are found in

Answer 7

Complementarity determining regions (CDR)

Question 8

Class switching of Abs

(e.g. immature B cell making both IgM/IgD -> mature B cell only produces IgM) occurs from which molecular mechanism?

Answer 8

Differences in mRNA splicing of DNA encoding Ig constant regions

Question 9

RAG-1/RAG-2 complex cleaves two sequences simultaneously of what pattern

Answer 9

Sequence 1: Conserved “7-9bp” with 12-bp spacer

Sequence 2: Conserved “7-9bp” with 23-bp spacer

Question 10

Which process is responsible for viral infection-related joint pain, malaise (general feeling bad), loss of appetite, fever, sleepiness

Answer 10

Cytokine release from monoyctes/T cells

Question 11

Granulomas are predominantly made of _

Answer 11

T cells and macrophages (Type IV Hypersensitivity)

Question 12

Ab property that measures the likelihood of the Ag binding

Answer 12

AFFINITY

Measure by Fab fragments + hapten

Question 13

Ab property that shows strength of Ag binding (“least likely to dissociate from Ab”)

Answer 13

AVIDITY
Measure by ([Fab’]2 fragments + carrier which has multiple haptens bound])
HIGH SURFACE AREA and HIGH # of Ags bound
IgM has higher avidity and IgG has higher affinity

Question 14

Epitope and Ab paratope interaction

Answer 14

AA residues of paratope interact with eptiope via MULTIPLE NON-COVALENT BONDS

Question 15

IgG Fab

Answer 15

1) Bind to Ag
2) NO CROSSLINKING of Ag
3) DOES NOT activate complement via classical pathway [Fc of IgG binds C1qrs]

Question 16

Form of vaccine that is safe to administer to someone with immunodeficiency

Answer 16

Killed virus

Question 17

Form of vaccine that needs refrigeration during transport, one dose can provide protective immunity, risk of paralytic disease, contacts of vaccine can be vaccinated

Answer 17

Live attenuated vaccine

Question 18

When an immune response occurs in the lymph node, dividing B cells are located in the _

Answer 18

Germinal Centers

Question 19

CTL Pathway in which CTLs SECRETE serine proteases that induce cell apoptosis, kill bacteria, inhibit viral replication

Answer 19

Perforin/granzyme pathway

Question 20

CTL pathway involving interaction between membrane receptors between CTL and target cell
**Fas ligand (TNF family member) on CTLs bind to Fas receptor (Death receptor) on target cells -> Induce apoptosis

Answer 20

Fas/Fas ligand pathway

Question 21

Hematopoetin/IFN cytokines bind to PM receptors and activate __

Answer 21

Protein kinase

Question 22

TCRs contain only ONE site of what?

Answer 22

Ag binding

Question 23

These cells have receptors that are capable of binding INTACT viral proteins

Answer 23

B cells (Th independent activation of B cells)

Question 24

Drugs most effective for treatment of patients with CHRONIC conditions (e.g. asthma/bronchial hyperresponsiveness)

Answer 24

Corticosteroids (Glucocorticoid)

Question 25

Chains Produced by B cells in Peyer Patches

Answer 25

Alpha, Kappa chains (IgA kappa)