Eicosanoids

Question 1

PGI2 (Prostacyclin)

Answer 1

Produced by vascular endothelium, Vasodilation, INHIBITS clot formation

Question 2

PGE2, PGF2

Answer 2

Vasodilation, INHIBITS clot formation, promotes uterine smooth muscle contraction

Question 3

Leukotriene B4

Answer 3

Major chemotactic factor for leukocytes (neutrophils)

Question 4

PGE

Answer 4

Prostaglandin important for protecting gastric mucosa - INCREASE MUCOUS secretion/ DECREASE GASTRIC acid secretion

Question 5

-sone’s (cortisone, hydrocortisone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, betamethasone)

Answer 5

Glucocorticoid therapy - Blocks phosphlipaseA2, blocks immune cell activation (macrophages/mast cells)

Question 6

Metabolic Adverse effects of Glucocorticoid therapy

Answer 6

INCREASED Serum Glc (Stimulates gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis, inhibits Glc uptake in muscle cells), INCREASED fatty acid levels/fat acid deposition (Stimulates hormone-sensitive lipase mediated lipolysis), INCREASED protein catabolism (muscle wasting)

Question 7

Other Adverse effects of Glucocorticoid therapy

Answer 7

OSTEOPOROSIS, CUSHING’S SYNDROME (Moon face), HYPERTENSION, edema, GLAUCOMA/cataracts, poor wound healing, susceptible to bacterial/opportunistic infections, peptic ulcers, CNS DEFECTS

Question 8

Other Actions of Cortisol

Answer 8

Blocks Vitamin D’s Action on Calcium Absorption
90% of the time bound to Corticosteroid Binding Protein
Least pronounced after meals - since gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis, lipolysis will be stimulated under starvation conditions NOT fed state

Question 9

Prednisone

Answer 9

Prodrug activated by 11-betahydroxysteroid dehydrogenase that reduces the 11-beta keto group to hydroxyl group

Question 10

Triamcinolone acetonide

Answer 10

Enhanced topical activity relative to the underivatized drug

Question 11

TXA2

Answer 11

Produced by platelets, COX1, Vasoconstrictor, PROMOTES platelet aggregation (CLOT FORMATION)