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Immunology/Microbiology > Immunity > Flashcards

Immunity Flashcards

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1
Q

What is immunity?

A
  • identification of self vs non-self
  • recognition of pathogens
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2
Q

What type of cells are non-immune cells that carry oxygen around the body?

A

red blood cells

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3
Q

What type of cells are immune cells and fight infections in the body?

A

white blood cells

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4
Q

What are the 2 types of white blood cells?

A
  • granulocytes: have cytoplasmic granules
  • agranulocytes: DO NOT have cytoplasmic granules
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5
Q

What are the types of granulocytes?

A
  • neutrophils
  • eosinophils
  • basophils
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6
Q

What are the types of agranulocytes?

A
  • T cells
  • B cells
  • monocytes
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7
Q

What are the characteristics of innate immunity?

A
  • first line of defense
  • fast -> within hours, limited in scope
  • present in ALL animals
  • NO antibody
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8
Q

What cells are involved with innate immunity?

A
  • macrophages
  • neutrophils (most abundant)
  • dendritic cells
  • natural killer cells
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9
Q

What are the characteristics of adaptive immunity?

A
  • slow -> within weeks
  • present ONLY in vertebrates
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10
Q

What cells are involved with adaptive immunity?

A

lymphocytes (T cels, B cells, and plasma cells)

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11
Q

What cells of the immune system help adaptive immunity?

A

phagocytes

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12
Q

Where is innate immunity found?

A
  • plants
  • invertebrates & vertebrates
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13
Q

What is the anti-viral defense of innate immunity?

A
  • NK cells
  • cytokines
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14
Q

What are the 2 types of adaptive immunity?

A

passive & active

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of active immunity?

A
  • give antigen
  • takes a week to note response
  • produce antibodies
  • ex: vaccines
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16
Q

What are the characteristics of passive immunity?

A
  • give immune sera
  • immediate action
  • produce phagocytes
  • ex: anti-snake venom, breast-feeding
17
Q

What immune response has memory?

A

adaptive

18
Q

Which adaptive response is faster? Which is slower?

A
  • faster= secondary
  • slower= primary
19
Q

In adaptive immunity, where does lymphocyte education occur?

A
  • in primary lymphoid organs
  • thymus (T cells) and bone marrow (B cells)
20
Q

In adaptive immunity, where does the immune response occur?

A
  • in secondary lymphoid organs
  • spleen and lymph nodes
21
Q

What are examples of immune dysfunction?

A
  • immune response to self -> over-action of IS, cross reaction to Ags
  • immunosuppression
  • aging issues -> declines with age
  • stress issues
  • tumors
22
Q

At what age are you least susceptible to infections and cancer?

A

20s

Immunology/Microbiology (18 decks)

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