Immunisation Flashcards
List the different live attenuated vaccines
MMR, BCG, VZV, yellow fever, small pox, typhoid, polio, rotavirus
What is a live attenuated vaccine
A vaccine in which the viurlence of the pathogen is reduced whilst keeping it viable
List the different inactivated vaccines
Polio, Hep A, Cholera, Rabies, Japanese Encephalitis, Tick-borne Encephalitis, Influenza
What are detoxified Exotoxin Vaccines
Toxin treated with formalin to create a toxoid
Give an example of an detoxified exotoxin vaccine
Diptheria and tetanus
List different subunit vaccines
Pertussis, H.influenza type B, meningococcus (group C), pneumococcus, typhoid, anthrax, hepatitis B
Describe how a recombinant vaccine is mad
DNA segment coding for the surface antigen is removed, purified and mixed with plasmids. It is then inserted into yeast cells and fermented to create more of the surface antigen.
Give an example of a recombinant vaccine
Hepatitis B
State the components of the 5in1 vaccine
Purified diphteria toxin, purified tetanus toxoid, purified bordetella pertussis, inactivated polio virus, purified component of Haemophilus influenza B
State the vaccinations given to a child at 2 months
5 in 1, pneumococcal conjugate, rota virus and meningitis B
State the vaccinations given to a child at 3 months
5in1, rota virus
State the vaccinations given to a child at 4 months
5 in 1, pneumococcal conjugate and meningitis B
State the vaccinations given to a child at 1 year
HiB/men C, MMR, pneumoccoal conjugate and meningitis B
State the vaccinations offered for children 2,3,4
Influenza
State the vaccinations offered to children 3-5
4 in 1 booster and MMr
State the vaccinations given to girls 12-13
HPV
State the vaccinations given to girls of 14
3 in 1 booster, men ACWY
When are infants given the BCG
if they live in areas with annual incidence of TB>40/100000 or if parents or grandparents born in a country with annual incidence of TB >40/100,000, new immigrants, contacts of respiratory TB patients, healthcare workers
State the indications for influenza vaccination
Aged over 65, nursing home residents, health care workers, immunodeficiency, asplenia, chronic liver disease, chronic renal disease, chronic cardiac disease, chronic lung disease, diabetes mellitus, coeliac disease, pregnant women, health care workers
When is the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine given
For those at increased risk of pneumococcal infection
When is Hepatits B vaccine given
Children born at high risk of exposure to HBV, health care workers, PWID, MSM, prisoners, chronic liver disease, chronic kidney disease, given at 0,1month, 2 months and 1 year
When is VZV vaccine given
Patients who have a suppressed immune system, children if in contact with those at severe risk, health care workers, live attenuated virus
How many doses is VZV
2 doses, 4-8 weeks apart
When is zostavax given
All elderly patients
