Immunisation

Question 1

List the different live attenuated vaccines

Answer 1

MMR, BCG, VZV, yellow fever, small pox, typhoid, polio, rotavirus

Question 2

What is a live attenuated vaccine

Answer 2

A vaccine in which the viurlence of the pathogen is reduced whilst keeping it viable

Question 3

List the different inactivated vaccines

Answer 3

Polio, Hep A, Cholera, Rabies, Japanese Encephalitis, Tick-borne Encephalitis, Influenza

Question 4

What are detoxified Exotoxin Vaccines

Answer 4

Toxin treated with formalin to create a toxoid

Question 5

Give an example of an detoxified exotoxin vaccine

Answer 5

Diptheria and tetanus

Question 6

List different subunit vaccines

Answer 6

Pertussis, H.influenza type B, meningococcus (group C), pneumococcus, typhoid, anthrax, hepatitis B

Question 7

Describe how a recombinant vaccine is mad

Answer 7

DNA segment coding for the surface antigen is removed, purified and mixed with plasmids. It is then inserted into yeast cells and fermented to create more of the surface antigen.

Question 8

Give an example of a recombinant vaccine

Answer 8

Hepatitis B

Question 9

State the components of the 5in1 vaccine

Answer 9

Purified diphteria toxin, purified tetanus toxoid, purified bordetella pertussis, inactivated polio virus, purified component of Haemophilus influenza B

Question 10

State the vaccinations given to a child at 2 months

Answer 10

5 in 1, pneumococcal conjugate, rota virus and meningitis B

Question 11

State the vaccinations given to a child at 3 months

Answer 11

5in1, rota virus

Question 12

State the vaccinations given to a child at 4 months

Answer 12

5 in 1, pneumococcal conjugate and meningitis B

Question 13

State the vaccinations given to a child at 1 year

Answer 13

HiB/men C, MMR, pneumoccoal conjugate and meningitis B

Question 14

State the vaccinations offered for children 2,3,4

Answer 14

Influenza

Question 15

State the vaccinations offered to children 3-5

Answer 15

4 in 1 booster and MMr

Question 16

State the vaccinations given to girls 12-13

Answer 16

HPV

Question 17

State the vaccinations given to girls of 14

Answer 17

3 in 1 booster, men ACWY

Question 18

When are infants given the BCG

Answer 18

if they live in areas with annual incidence of TB>40/100000 or if parents or grandparents born in a country with annual incidence of TB >40/100,000, new immigrants, contacts of respiratory TB patients, healthcare workers

Question 19

State the indications for influenza vaccination

Answer 19

Aged over 65, nursing home residents, health care workers, immunodeficiency, asplenia, chronic liver disease, chronic renal disease, chronic cardiac disease, chronic lung disease, diabetes mellitus, coeliac disease, pregnant women, health care workers

Question 20

When is the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine given

Answer 20

For those at increased risk of pneumococcal infection

Question 21

When is Hepatits B vaccine given

Answer 21

Children born at high risk of exposure to HBV, health care workers, PWID, MSM, prisoners, chronic liver disease, chronic kidney disease, given at 0,1month, 2 months and 1 year

Question 22

When is VZV vaccine given

Answer 22

Patients who have a suppressed immune system, children if in contact with those at severe risk, health care workers, live attenuated virus

Question 23

How many doses is VZV

Answer 23

2 doses, 4-8 weeks apart

Question 24

When is zostavax given

Answer 24

All elderly patients