Immune system Disorders Flashcards
immune disorders
Hypersensitivities
Auto-immune disease
immune system dificiences
Hypersensitivities
- Type 1: Anaphylaxis
- Type II: cytotoxic
- Type III: immune complex
- Type IV: cell mediated or delayed
type 1: anaphylaxis: local or systemic
Local or systemic
Release of cytokines : histamine
Vasodilation, bronchiole constriction, secretions, sneezing, etc
Insect stings, Pollen grains, Animal dander : arthropod feces
Food allergies: Penicillin , Peanuts
Type II: cytotoxic
Immune response against self cell surface antigens
Hemolytic reactions : blood type
HDN
Type III: Immune complex
Immune complexes imbedded in tissues
Stimulate immune response against them
Results in wide-spread tissue destruction, esp. blood vessel walls
Pneumonitis, Glomerulonphritis, Arthritis, Lupus
Type IV: delayed or cellular
Sensitized T cells target antigen coated self cells : requires prior exposure
Results in cell destruction : inflammation
Tuberculin test
Contact dermatitis : poison oak, ivy, powdered gloves
Graft rejections
Auto-immune disease
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- graves disease
- myasthenia gravis
- MS
Rheumatoid arthritis
type III mainly in joints
systemic lupus erythematosus
- antibodies against DNA
- type III reactions
Graves disease
- over stimulation of synapses
MS
antibodies against myellin sheaths (Tc)
Immune deficiences
- agammaglobulinemia
- digorge’s symdrome
- SCID
- Chediak-Higashi disease
- AIDS
agammaglobulinemia
b cell deficiency
digorge’s syndrome
t cell deficiency
SCID
both B and T cells are missing
