immune system Flashcards
What is the term for the period of time between when the pathogen enters the host and the appearance of clinical symptoms?
Incubation Period
What are primarily animal pathogens that generally produce disease in humans through the bite of an insect vector?
Rickettsia
Name me an airborne disease?
Measles
What are unusual self replicating bacteria that have no cell wall components and very small genomes?
Mycoplasmas
What size of disease causing organism would be most likely to be transmitted through the air?
4 um
Which precaution does not require a patient to have a private room?
Standard Precaution
What vaccine is recommended for all adults with a booster every 10 years?
Tetanus and diptheria
What is the recommendation for work restrictions in an individual who has active measles?
Exclude from duty
What is the duration of an uncomplicated case of influenza Type A or B?
3 to 7 Days
Antibacterial drugs work by all of the following mechanisms except inhibition of
Bacterial intercellular calcium release
Several drugs exert their antibacterial effects by inhibiting the function of ___ which results in impaired production of ___ that are essential for normal membrane structure and function.
Penicillin binding proteins; peptidoglycans
Aminoglycosides and several other antibacterial drugs affect the function of the bacterial ___ thereby impairing ___ in the bacterial cell
Ribosome; messenger RNA translation
Certain antibacterial drugs selectively inhibit the synthesis and function of nucleic acids and certain essential amino acids by impairing the production of ___ in bacterial cells.
Folic Acid
Viral infections are often more difficult to treat than other types of infections because
Viruses penetrate into human cells and cannot be easily killed without harming the human cell
Certain anti-HIV drugs are known as reserve transcriptase inhibitors because they
Inhibit transcription of viral RNA to Viral DNA
Azole Antifungals Suffix and Primary Effect
-azole, fungal infection
HIV Protease Inhibitors Suffix and Primary Effect
-avir, HIV infection
Penicillin antibiotics Suffix and Primary Effect
-cillin, Bacterial infection
Tetracycline antibiotics Suffix and Primary Effect
-cycline, bacterial infection
Various other antibacterials Suffix and Primary Effect
-micin or -mycin, bacterial infection
What is an elevated WBC count called? What is a decreased WBC count called? The most abundant WBC type is?
Leukocytosis
Leukopenia
Neutrophil
What is normal temperature and the average?
Between 96.8 - 99.5 with avg of 98.6
What is the chain of transmission?
Pathogen or agent
Resovoir
Portal of exit
Mode of transmission
Portal of entry
Host susceptibility
What are bacteria and name a few?
Bacteria are single called microorganisms with well defined cell walls that can grow independently on artificial media without the need of other cells
Spherical Shaped- colli
Rod Shaped- bacilli
Spiral shaped- spirilla
What is a virus? How do viruses replicate?
Virus contains no cell parts and genetic material only
Take control of host cell, control the host cell, make new viruses
