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internal med > immune system > Flashcards

immune system Flashcards

1
Q

What are large granular lymphocytes cells that so not express antigen specific receptors?

A

Natural Killer Cells

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2
Q

What are membrane proteins that function to present antigenic peptides for recognition by T Cells?

A

Major Histocompatibility complex molecules

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3
Q

What type of immunity used by the body adapts to recognize eliminate and establish long term memory against a threat?

A

Acquired Immunity

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4
Q

What is an example of active artificial acquired immunity?

A

Vaccination

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5
Q

Which cells love the longest?

A

Monocytes

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6
Q

Which immunoglobulin is the predominant immunoglobulin on mucus membrane surfaces and is found in secretions such as saliva, breast milk, urine, and tears?

A

IgA

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7
Q

What type of major MHC molecule combines fragments of proteins that have been phagocytized, pinocytosed, or endocytosed from the extra cellular environment?

A

MHC Class 2

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8
Q

What is not involved in the humoral immune response?

A

Urine

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9
Q

What are CD8+ T cells?

A

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes

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10
Q

Which phase of the immune response is characterized by the removal of antigens by many different mechanisms?

A

Effector Phase

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11
Q

Maximal Reduction in natural killer cell concentrations and lower natural killer cell activity occurs how many hours after exercise?

A

2-4 Hours

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12
Q

When HIV enters the body, what cells serve as receptors for the HIV retrovirus, allowing direct passage of the infection into other target cells?

A

Macrophages and CD4 Cells

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13
Q

At what stage will an individual with HIV disease develop Kaposi sarcoma?

A

Advanced HIV disease

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14
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is characterized by a delayed response to the allergen?

A

Type IV hypersensitivity

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15
Q

What type of immunologic hypersensitivity would cause the symptoms of season allergic rhitnis?

A

Type 1 Hypersensitivity

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16
Q

Which of the following is NOT the primary function of CD4+ T cells?

A

Produce antibody

17
Q

In human defense mechanisms, what is the body’s first line of defense?

A

Neutrophils

18
Q

What type of cell development begins with a progenitor cell from the bone marrow and migrates to the thymus gland, which is a primary lymphoid organ?

A

T Cell

19
Q

What phase of the immune response is characterized by generation of long loved T and B lymphocytes?

A

Memory phase

20
Q

Which immunoglobulin is the first secreted antibody and is predominant in a primary or initial immune response?

A

IgM

21
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is characterized by releasing histamine?

A

Type 1

22
Q

What type of hypersensitivity would cause systemic lupus erythematosus?

A

Type 3 Hypersensitivity

23
Q

What is the term that refers to the lack of recognition and responsiveness to one’s own tissue antigens?

A

Self-Tolerance

24
Q

Which of the following are called CD4+ T Cells?

A

Helper T Lymphocytes

25
Q

Which of the following is one of the main avenues for HIV Transmission?

A

Contaminated Blood

26
Q

What is the second line of defense?

A

The inflammatory response

27
Q

What refers to the emergence of HIV antibodies in the bloodstream and usually takes place 3-6 weeks after infection?

A

Seroconversion

28
Q

What is in the innate immune system?

A

Monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, natural killer cells

29
Q

What is in the adaptive immune system?

A

B and T Cell or lymphocytes

30
Q

What are in both innate and adaptive immune system?

A

Macrophages and dendritic cells

31
Q

What are eosinophils?

A

Involved in allergic responses and parasitic infections

Release the granules that contain histamine

32
Q

What are basophils and mast cells?

A

Both involved in allergic response, mast cells used in anaphylaxis

33
Q

Type 1 Hypersensitivity

A

IgE, Mast Cells, Seasonal Allergic Rhitnis

34
Q

Type 2 Hypersensitivity

A

IgM IgG, Macrophages, Autoimmune Purpura Graves Disease

35
Q

Type 3 Hypersensitivity

A

IgG IgM, Neutrophils, Systemic Lupus Erthematosus

36
Q

Type 4 Hypersensitivity

A

None, Lymphocytes Macrophages, Contact sensitivity to poison icy and jewels

internal med (9 decks)

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