Immune system Flashcards
Immune system does what
recognizes and defends against specific kinds of infections
Antigen def.
molecule that elicits an immune response
Pathogen is…
a disease causing agent
Antibody is…
a y-shaped protein that binds an antigen
what are the two types of immunity
active and passive
Active immunity is…
when the body makes its own antibodies; long term memory
passive immunity is…
antibodies are made SOMEWHERE ELSE and are INJECTED or passed to another individual; short term memory
Obstacles to injections Nonspecific Defense Mechanisms
Skin, sweat, saliva, tears, stomach gastric juices, cilia, nonspecific defensive cells, antimicrobilial proteins, inflammatory response
What are the steps for people to get sick
1) portal of exit: vehicle pathogen leaves the body of an infected host
2) portal of entry: vehicle by which a pathogen enters the body of an un-infected host
3) Infective dosage: concentration of pathogen needed to cause an infection
Specific Immune response is activated only when…
the nonspecific defense mechanisms have failed
What are the three cells of the specific immune response
Lympocytes: white blood cells; 2 types: B & T
B lymphocytes: produces antibodies and responsible for humoral immunity
T lymphocytes: responsible for cell mediated immunity
3 types of T lymphocytes
1) T-helper starts immune response
2) T-killer kills infected cells
3) T-supporter stops immune response
Autoimmune disease results when…
the immune system turns against the body’s own molecule
Immunodeficiency disease is caused by…
lack of one or more components of the immune system
AIDS (acquired immune deficiency) syndrome where…
the T-helper cells are destroyed
