Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

What are polymers

A

monomers to be absorbed by the cell

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2
Q

What is the 4 part process of digestion

A

1) Ingestion: act of eating
2)Digestion: polymers->monomers
3)Absoprtion: taking in absorb food by cell assimimilation
4) Elimination: removal of undigested waste

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3
Q

Types of Digestion

A

Two types
1) Mechanical digestion: structures or actions breaks polymers into smaller workable units
2) Chemical digestion:enzymes break into smaller workable units into monomers

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4
Q

What does amylase do?

A

Break down carbohydrates

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5
Q

Where does digestion begin?

A

The mouth

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6
Q

What are Polysaccharides

A

smaller workable units

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7
Q

Order of chemicals in digestion

A

Polysaccharide, dissaccharide, dissachride, monosaccharide

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8
Q

Where does lipid and protein digestion start and end?

A

In the stomach and completed in the small intestine

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9
Q

What do lipases do?

A

breaks down lipids

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10
Q

Lipids are

A

glycerol +3 fatty acids

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11
Q

Proteins are broken down by

A

proteases

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12
Q

Proteases…

A

digest proteins; secreated in an inactive form called zymogens

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13
Q

Zymogens are…

A

activated by pH

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13
Q

Organs of the digestive system

A

mouth, teeth, tongue, salivary gland

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14
Q

Function of esophagus

A

moves food from mouth to stomach

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15
Q

Stomach is

A

the reservoir where food is temporarily stored

16
Q

Stomach is divided into 3 parts which are

A

1) Fundus: top part of the stomach
2) Body: main part/middle
3) Plupus: the bottom part of the stomach

17
Q

Functions of the stomach

A

temporary place for food; contain gastric juices which start digestion for proteins, and churns food into smaller particles which aid in digestion, limit amount of absorption in the stomach

18
Q

what are the glands and secretion of the stomach

A

1) parietal cell: secrete hydrochloric acid
2) chief cells: secrete pepsinogen
3) Mucous cells: secrete mucus

19
Q

Small intestine is

A

major organ of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption

20
Q

What are the 3 parts of the small intestine

A

1) duodenum: first ten inches
2) jejunum: next 8 feet
3) Illeium: last 12 feet

21
Q

functions of small intestine

A

complete digestion of food, absorb end products of digestion, and secrete hormones

22
Q

Large intestine does what

A

reclaims water

23
Q

The three subdivisions of the large intestine

A

1) cecum: first 2-3 inches
2)colon: the next 5 feet
3)rectum: last 7-8 inches

24
functions of large intestine
absorb water, eliminate fecal matter from the body
25
Pancreas functions
produces several enzymes, produces biocarbonate to necitralize the acidic gastric juices, makes insulin which contains blood sugar