Human Biology Flashcards
Body can be divided into what?
Cavaties, tissue types, and systems
Definition of a cavity
spaces within the body which contain organs or viscerea
What are the two types of cavaties?
Dorsal and Ventral
Dorsal cavity is
back/posterior; may be subdivided into cranial or vertebral cavity
Ventral cavity is
front/anterior; subdivided into thoracic or chest cavity
Chest cavity contains
diaphragm, heart, plaeral sacs and lungs
Abdominal cavity contains
stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, kidney, and uterus
pelvic cavity contains
urinary bladder, parts of the large intestine, and in females the reproductive organs
Scrotal cavity contains
male reproductive organs; only in MALES
Tissue definition
composed of specialized cells which perform a specialized function
What are the types of tissue
epithelial, muscle, nervous and connective
Epithelial Tissue…
forms thin protective layer on exposed bodily surfaces; secretion and absorbs
what are the three different types of epithelial
squamaus: irregular shape/flattened edges
Cuboidal: cube shaped
Columnar: column shaped
Muscle tissue
composed of long cells called muscle fibers; most abundant tissue type in a typical animal
what are three types of muscle tissue
skeletal, cardiac, smooth
skeletal muscle
attached bones by tendons, responsible for voluntary movements, striped appearance
cardiac muscle
form contractile tissue of the heart; striated and involuntary
smooth muscles
involuntary control and no striation
What are nervous tissues
they form communication and coordination withing the body
what are the structural and functional units of the nervous tissue called
nerve cell/neuron
Connective tissue is
composed of small amount of cells found in a matrix
What are the three types of connective tissue
1) Loose: holds organs in place
2) Adipose: contains fats, which pads and insulate the body
3) Blood: contain fluid matrix and cells suspended in plasma
What is the definition of a system
composed of 2 or more organs that interact with each other
Integumentary system
skin; largest system
Respiratory system
exchanges of gases w/ blood and air
circulatory system
transports material to and from cells; helps stablilize the internal pit (transports food)
lymphatic/immune system
defend body against infection and tissue damage
urinary system
maintains volume and compostition of internal environment
reproductive system
deals w/ reproduction of sperm and eggs
