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1127 Final Review > Immobilization > Flashcards

Immobilization Flashcards

1
Q

What is immobilization?

A

A method of applying restrictive measures to prevent patient/part movement

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2
Q

What does immobilization and communication help to reduce?

A

Motion on radiographs

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3
Q

What does the slightest movement cause on radiographs?

A

Blurring

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4
Q

What is critical to effective immobilization?

A

Communication

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5
Q

What exposure time should be used for immobilization?

A

Short exposure times

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6
Q

What can be used to assist in immobilization?

A

Immobilization aids

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7
Q

What must immobilization and restraint devices not interfere with?

A

A patient’s circulation or respiration

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8
Q

What features should immobilization devices possess?

A

NAME?

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9
Q

What are the two types of immobilization devices?

A

Simple and involved

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10
Q

What do simple immobilization devices include?

A

Sandbags and sponges used to help a patient maintain a position

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11
Q

What do involved immobilization devices include?

A

More complex devices such as spinal trauma boards that hold patients completely still

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12
Q

What are types of immobilization devices?

A

NAME?

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13
Q

What are some other types of immobilization devices?

A

NAME?

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14
Q

What are routine applications of simple immobilization devices?

A

Sponges, sandbags, Velcro straps, plexiplate, compression bands and head clamps

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15
Q

What are complex immobilization techniques?

A

NAME?

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16
Q

When are immobilization devices applied during trauma applications?

A

Before the patient arrives at the radiology department

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17
Q

What shouldn’t radiologist remove in trauma applications?

A

Should never remove immobilization devices that have been applied by EMTs

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18
Q

When should be the only time immobilization devices should be removed?

A

Only after the radiologist has read the initial radiographs as negative and physician has approved

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19
Q

How should immobilization devices be removed?

A

Slowly with the necessary assistance like sponges or padding to ensure patient comfort

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20
Q

What qualities of trauma application immobilization devices should radiographers know about before imaging?

A

Which devices are radiolucent vs radiopaque

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21
Q

Can radiographs be taken with radiopaque immobilization devices in place?

A

Yes it may be necessary to leave them on which will produce artifacts on the film

22
Q

What are immobilization devices used for spinal traumas?

A

Traction devices (backboards) and cervical collars

23
Q

How are AP spine views done with radiolucent backboards?

A

Done with the cassette placed under the backboard

24
Q

What is a backboard used for?

A

To keep the spine immobilized and support the body

25
Q

What are features of most backboards?

A

Made of radiolucent materials like wood or plastic

26
Q

What can backboards help facilitate?

A

Easy transfers of patients from the cart to the table

27
Q

What image view is completed to rule out a cervical spine fracture?

A

A cross-table lateral view of the cervical spine

28
Q

What are the next steps if a lateral view is questionable?

A

Additional views of the c-spine can be taken with the collar on

29
Q

When should a cervical collar be removed by a radiologist?

A

It should NEVER be removed before the radiologist has cleared the patient and R/O a spinal fracture

30
Q

What other situations are cervical collars used in?

A

During radiographic skull examinations

31
Q

How is movement affected by immobilization collars?

A

Movement of the patient is restricted and equipment must be moved instead

32
Q

What are ways equipment can be manipulated during head trauma exams?

A

Tube can be moved without turning the patient

33
Q

What may be evident with head traumas?

A

Bleeding from the nose or ears

34
Q

What devices may be present on extremity traumas?

A

Traction devices

35
Q

What are features of traction splints?

A

They are not always radiolucent

36
Q

What immobilization devices may be present in cases of abdominal trauma?

A

An anti-shock garment

37
Q

What are anti-shock garments used for?

A

To slow the rate of hemorrhage

38
Q

What are features of anti-shock garments?

A

Are always radiolucent

39
Q

How should restraints be applied to children?

A

Should be applied gently without threats and force

40
Q

What is mummification?

A

An effective, simple and inexpensive and reliable method of restraining or immobilizing an infant

41
Q

What does mummification consist of?

A

Gently wrapping the small child in a sheet which limits motion

42
Q

What age range should mummification be used in?

A

Children who are too young to understand cooperation

43
Q

What are commercial upright restraints?

A

Pig-o-stat and Pedia-poser

44
Q

What do upright commercial restraints allow?

A

Allow the child to be rotated 360 degrees in the upright position

45
Q

What are upright restraints useful for?

A

Useful for taking CXR and ABX in upright positions

46
Q

What are commercial restraint boards?

A

Circumcision boards, Brat boards and Octastop boards

47
Q

What do restraint boards allow for?

A

Allow for rotation of the child in the recumbent position

48
Q

Which type of radiographs can be obtained with restraint boards?

A

AP, Oblique and laterals

49
Q

What should be used with tape restraints?

A

Cloth between the sticky side of tape and skin

50
Q

What is a stockinette?

A

A stretchable cotton fabric int he shape of a sleeve that is pulled over an extremity before a cast is placed

51
Q

What are stockinettes good for in imaging?

A

Good for immobilizing upper limbs above and behind the child’s head with tape

1127 Final Review (13 decks)

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