Image Production, Acquisition, And Quality Assurance Flashcards
What is the frequency of ACR Accreditation?
Every 3 years
The material used for the exit port of the mammography tube is necessary because
Regular glass would harden the emerging beam
The intensity of the xray beam from the cathode side of the tube is generally higher because
The heel effect causes variation in the intensity of the xray beam
The design of the lip of the compression paddle (both height and angle along the chest wall) affects all of the following except
A) it prevents the posterior and axillary fat from overlapping the body of the breast
B) it allows uniform compression of the posterior breast tissue
C) it helps increasing the structural strength of the compression paddle
D) insurers higher compression of the anterior breast tissue (ANSWER)
The primary goal of compression is to
Allow uniform penetration of structures within the breast
What features of the high-transmission cellular (HTC) grid allows these grids to maintain equal or less radiation dose to the patient compared with linear grids?
They have copper as the strips and air as the interspace material
The grid ratio can vary in modern mammogram units. A common grid ratio used in
5:1
The chest wall edge of the compression paddle should be aligned just beyond the chest wall edge of the detector to
Avoid projecting the chest wall edge of the paddle on the mammogram
Which of the following affects the focal spot size?
Angle of the anode
Which of the following is the commonly used focal spot size for routine work mammography?
0.3 mm
Which of the following mammography quality control tests is performed as needed?
Repeat analysis
The general criteria to pass the new American College of radiology— digital mammography (ACR DM) phantom require a minimum of ___ masses
2
What is the compression thickness indicator test?
A check to ensure that the indicated compression thickness is within normal range
What is the name given to the test to determine whether the unit has consistent detector signal to noise level for all breast thickness?
Visual checklist
A technologist test that is performed semi annually is
Compression force test
Repeats are
Images that involve unnecessary exposure to the patient
To get meaningful analysis, the repeat analysis needs a patient volume of at least ___ pts
250
Mammography facilities can receive certification from
FDA or States as Certifiers (SACs)
Aluminum filtration is likely to be matched with ___ targets
Tungsten
Which of the following visual checklist tests must be performed before clinical use?
Paddles/face shield must not be cracked
What tool is used to evaluate for artifacts?
Phantom
A single binary digit of data, such as 0 or 1 is called a
Bit
In general, higher magnification will require the use of a
Smaller focal spot size
A grid is not necessary during magnification because
The large OID produces the same effect as a grid
The air gap in magnification allows increase subject contrast by
Reducing scatter
If the magnification mammography is performed without using a small focal spot size, the resulting image will be magnified
And blurred
At higher magnification factors there is
1) higher skin dose
2) decreased source - to- object distance
Magnification is beneficial in all of the following situations except
Imaging the entire breast in a single exposure
Using a small focal spot size is recommended for magnification
To compensate for the loss of image detail
Which of the following is a big disadvantage of magnification?
Increased pt dose
Is the back up time stops a breast exposure, the technologist can repeat the radiograph by using a
Higher peak kilovoltage (kVp) setting
The type of x-rays created from displacement of K- shell- binding electrons in the molybdenum atom are called
Characteristic radiation
The function of the filter in mammography is to remove
Photon energies higher and lower than the range needed for breast imaging
The recommended labeling for the mammographic image that is not required by the mammography quality standards act (MQSA) is
Technical factors
Lack of breast compression is most likely to cause
Motion unsharpness
How long should a facility maintain records of serious complains?
3 years
Which of the following focal spot sizes is used in routine imaging?
0.3
Which of the following systems does not use a grid?
Any magnification mammography system
Aluminum (Al) can be used as the filtration in
Digital breast tomosynthesis tubes with tungsten targets
The detector element (DEL) is located in the
Thin-film transistor (TFT)
Which of the following statements about detector elements is incorrect?
The size of the detector element can be controlled by the technologist
To allow full coverage of the detector, a tube with a 16° anode angle requires a tube tilt of approximately ___ degrees to achieve an effective anode angle of 22°
6
Which of the following monitors is used to interpret the mammograms?
Review monitor
Which of the following is a system that can be used to store 12 months or more of image data and can retrieve the data within a few minutes?
Redundant array of independent (inexpensive) discs (RAID)
A computer networks system that allows images to be viewed at various monitor or transmitted or stored is termed
Picture archiving and communication system (PACS)
The remote transmission of images is
Teleradiology
What is the purpose of CAD?
A method of prereading mammograms
Which of the following is included in the workflow plan for a technologist?
Retrieving the results of prior examinations for the patient
What system is identified as a storage for radiology imaging information?
RIS
When transmitting mammography images, the compression required is termed
Lossless compression
The device used to convert electronic signals to computer language is called
ADC
Changing the image contrast would mean adjusting the
Window width
In direct digital technology, the xray strike ____ in the detector
Amorphous selenium
What test tool is used to calibrate the brightness of the monitor?
SMPTE
Which of the following is a true statement according to the EQUIP mandated by FDA?
Written documentation is required for the clinical image review of each radiologic technologist and interpreting physician, and it must be done at least annually
What is the maximum possible score for each test object in the ACR phantom?
6
Synthesized 2D imaging is a
Two dimensional reconstruction of the three-dimensional image
Computer-aided detection (CAD) is used to
Analyze or preread the image
What BI-RAD category recommends short interval (6 month) follow up?
Category 3
The patient has a BI-RADS category 5 report. This finding indicates
A high possibility of malignancy
