Illumination methods

Question 1

Wide or narrow beam, can showcase optical sectioning (ex: layers of K), can use w/ pinpoint to show C/F in AC, simplest method

Answer 1

Direct focal illumination

Question 2

Moderate slit bean, directed to strike the object in regard w/o illuminating surface in front of it, enhances surface texture, highlights and shadows

Answer 2

Tangential Illumination

Question 3

Slightly dilated pupil, defect in pigment layer of iris, circular beam through pupil, light reflected from fundus

Answer 3

Iris transillumination

Question 4

Reflected light, can indirectly illuminate abnormalities in structures anterior to them, subtle K pathology

Answer 4

Retro illumination

Question 5

Dark back ground, changes in K, broad slit beam aimed at limbus “total internal reflection”, (sim to gonio lenses)

Answer 5

Sclerotic scatter

Question 6

Prior to dilation and drops for applanation(dilation increases cell, fluorescein increases flare), Highest illumination and mag, conical beam (tyndall’s phenomenon -shine bean onto lens and cornea)

Answer 6

Cells/Flare