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Anatomy Exam 4 > II: Anatomy of Inguinal Canal > Flashcards

II: Anatomy of Inguinal Canal Flashcards

1
Q

sperm activation hypothesis

A

sperm production is more effective in cooler temperature but sperm is activated when it is in warmer conditions of female body

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2
Q

What are the three muscles of male inguinal region?

A
  1. Pyramidalis Muscle
  2. Cremaster m.
  3. Dartos m.
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3
Q

Innervation - pyramidalis m.

A

subcostal n.

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4
Q

innervation- cremaster m.

A

genital branch of genitofemoral n.

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5
Q

innervation- dartos m.

A

sympathetics running with ilioinguinal n. and post. scrotal n.

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6
Q

7 layers around the testicle out –> in

A
  1. superficial dartos fascia
  2. external spermatic fascia
  3. cremaster muscle and fascia
  4. internal spermatic fascia
  5. parietal tunica vaginalis
  6. visceral tunica vaginalis
  7. tunica albuginea
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7
Q

Between which layers is the epididymus located?

A

visceral and parietal tunica vaginalis

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8
Q

where are sperm formed?

A

seminiferous tubules

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9
Q

order of sperm leaving (7)

A 
seminiferous tubules
straight tubules
rete testes
efferent ductules
epididymis
ductus deferens
urethra
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10
Q

where are sperm stored

A

epididymis

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11
Q

what are the 3 arches of inguinal canal formed by?

A

three abdominal muscle layers

  • transversus abdominus
  • internal oblique
  • external oblique
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12
Q

deep ring

A

transversalis fascia

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13
Q

superficial ring

A

external oblique fascia

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14
Q

spermatic cord female equivalent

A

round ligament

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15
Q

what pulls the testes through the body wall?

A

gubernaculum

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16
Q

parietal peritoneum becomes X in spermatic cord

A

tunica vaginalis

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17
Q

does the parietal peritoneum get pushed through?

A

NO

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18
Q

transversalis fascia becomes X in spermatic cord

A

inner spermatic fascia

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19
Q

transversus abdominus becomes X in spermatic cord

A

NOTHING

- forms natural arch and is not pierced

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20
Q

internal oblique becomes X in spermatic cord

A

cremasteric muscle and fascia

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21
Q

external oblique becomes X in spermatic cord

A

external spermatic fascia

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22
Q

scarpa’s fascia becomes X in spermatic cord

A

dartos muscle and fascia

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23
Q

camper’s fascia becomes X in spermatic cord

A

NOTHING

no fat in scrotum

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24
Q

which muscle in the testes is the “puller”

A

cremasteric muscle

25
Q

which muscle in the testes is the “wrinkler”

A

dartos muscle

26
Q

define inguinal canal

A

oblique passageway in inguinal region through which the spermatic cord in male and round ligament in female traverse the ab. wall

27
Q

thick muscular tube that carries sperm and semen located in the inguinal canal

A

ductus deferens

28
Q

where does the testicular a. orginate?

A

aorta, just below renal a.

29
Q

what oxygenates the cremasteric muscle?

A

cremasteric a.

30
Q

where does the cremasteric a. originate?

A

inf. epigastric a.

31
Q

what oxygenates the ductus deferens?

A

ductus deferens a.

32
Q

where does the ductus deferens orginate?

A

inferior vesicular a.

33
Q

what is the pampiniform plexus?

A

network formed by around 12 veins that converge superiorly as the left or right testicular v.

34
Q

where does the right testicular v. drain? left?

A 
right= inferior vena cava
left= l. renal vein
35
Q

what nerves are found in the inguinal canal?

A
  1. genital branch of the genitofemoral n.
  2. sympathetics accompany testicular a. and ductus deferens
  3. anterior cutaneous branches of iliohypogastric
  4. sympathetics running with ilioinguinal and posterior scrotal n. (**in canal, not cord!)
  5. parasympathetics from S2-4 on ductus deferens
36
Q

anterior border of inguinal canal

A

aponeurosis of ext. oblique

37
Q

floor of canal

A

inguinal ligament

38
Q

medial floor of canal

A

lacunar lligament

39
Q

posterior border of canal

A

transversalis fascia

40
Q

posterior medial border of canal

A

conjoint tendon

41
Q

where do the lymphatics of the testes drain to..

A

lumbar lymph nodes

42
Q

Formation of the inguinal canal- when begin?

A

7th week

projection of parietal peritoneum called processus vaginalis begins to invaginate through boday wall next to gubernaculum

43
Q

gubernaculum?

A

ligamentous-like primordia that attaches b/w developing testes/ovary and scrotal/labial folds

44
Q

what does the gubernaculum become in women?

A

cranial: ovarian ligament
caudal: round ligament

45
Q

do females have cremaster muscle?

A

yes

few short loops of muscle around the round ligament

46
Q

where does the round ligament terminate?

A

labia majora

47
Q

what is male equivalent of labia majora?

A

scrotum

48
Q

Direct hernia

A

through hasselbach’s triangle

contained by external oblique or push through superficial ring

49
Q

indirect hernia

A

through patent processus vaginalis, alongside spermatic cord

50
Q

congenital hernia

A

indirect hernia, younger patients

51
Q

femoral hernia

A

below inginal ligament wher fmeoral vessels push through

52
Q

hasselbach’s triangle borders

A
  1. inferior epigastric vessels
  2. rectus abdominus
  3. inguinal ligament
53
Q

hydrocele and hematocele

A

serous fluid or blood build up within the tunica vaginalis

54
Q

spermatocele

A

cyst within the head of the pididymis

- may think they have cancer

55
Q

cryptorchidism

A

failure of testes to descend (testes descend around 8m. gestation)

56
Q

monochidism/polychidism

A

one testicle/more than 2 testicles

57
Q

ectopic testes

A

lodged in the abdominal cavity somewhere

58
Q

what is cut in vasectomy?

A

ductus deferens

- it is not tied afterwards

Anatomy Exam 4 (11 decks)

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