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IDS Flashcards

1
Q

Cells seen in measles

A

Warthin-Finkeldy (multinucleated giant cells), and also Koplik spots (opposite 2nd upper molars at exit of Stensen’s duct)

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2
Q

Herpes simplex

A

Cowdry Type A (pink to purple intranuclear inclusions)

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3
Q

Varicella zoster (chickenpox)

A

Dewdrops on a rose petal

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4
Q

CMV

A

Owl’s eye (intranuclear basophilic inclusions surrounded by clear halo)

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5
Q

EBV

A

Mononucleosis, burkitt’s lymphoma, nasophrayngeal CA, B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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6
Q

Heterophile (Monospot) negative

A

CMV

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7
Q

Heterophile (monospot) positive

A

EBV

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8
Q

Pseudomembrane

A

Diphtheria

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9
Q

Granulomatosis infantiseptica

A

Listeria monocytogenes (gram positive intracellular bacteria)

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10
Q

Capsule of Bacillus anthracis

A

Only non-polysaccharide capsule, composed of D-glutamate peptides

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11
Q

Fleur-de-lis pattern of necrotizing pneumonia (pale necrotic center with red, hemorrhagic periphery)

A

Pseudomonas

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12
Q

Perivascular blue haze

A

Pseudomonas

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13
Q

Buboes

A

Yersinia pestis

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14
Q

Organism causing chancroid

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

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15
Q

Organism causing granuloma inguinale

A

Klebsiella granulomatis

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16
Q

Painful, prominent, non-indurated buboes

A

Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid)

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17
Q

Beefy red ulcer with indurated borders

A

Klebsiella granulomatis (granuloma inguinale)

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18
Q

Gram negative coccobacilli

A

BOTH chancroid and granuloma inguinale)

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19
Q

Donovan bodies

A

Granuloma inguinale (may dove sa aking groin / inguinal area)

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20
Q

Produced by APCs for TH1 differentiation

A

IL 12

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21
Q

Produced by TH1 to activate macrophages

A

IFN-gamma

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22
Q

Cytotoxic T-cells

A

MHC I, CD8, Th2

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23
Q

Helper T cells

A

MHC II, CD4, Th1 and Th17

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24
Q

Focus of caseation necrosis in TB?

A

Ghon focus

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25
Q

Ghon focus + lymph nodes

A

Ghon complex

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26
Q

Healed Ghon focus leading to fibrosis and/or calcification

A

Ranke complex

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27
Q

Secondary or reinfection of TB, tends to be cavitary

A

Simmon focus

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28
Q

Most common form of extrapulmonary TB

A

TB adenitis (scrofula)

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29
Q

Most commonly affected segment in GITB

A

Ileum

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30
Q

Disseminated intracellular infection in ICC individuals (ex AIDS)

A

Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex (MAC)

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31
Q

Two types of leprosy

A

Paucibacillary/tuberculoid and multibacillary/lepromatous

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32
Q

Lipid laden macrophages seen in lepromatous leprosy

A

Lepra cells (macrophages) with globi (AFB)

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33
Q

Lesion of primary syphilis

A

Chancre

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34
Q

Causative agent of syphilis

A

Treponema pallidum

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35
Q

Manifestation of secondary syphilis

A

Oral cavity ulcer, palms and soles

36
Q

Lesion of tertiary syphilis

37
Q

Other complications of tertiary syphilis

A

Neurosyphilis, aortitis (obliterative endarteritis of the vasa vasorum, causing aneurysm)

38
Q

Manifestations of congenital syphilis

A

Saber shins and saddle nose, interstitial pneumonia, triad of late manifestations - interstitial keratitis / Hutchinson teeth / CN VIII deafness

39
Q

Toxin of C. perfringens

A

Alpha toxin (lecithinase)

40
Q

Causative agent of gas gangrene

A

C. perfringens

41
Q

Causative agent of pseudomembranous colitis

A

C. difficile

42
Q

Two toxins of C. difficile

A

Toxin A: chemokine, toxin B: cytotoxin

43
Q

Most common bacterial STI

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

44
Q

Seen in chlamydia urethritis

A

Purulent discharge WITHOUT ORGANISMS

45
Q

Caused by Chlamydia L strains

A

Lymphogranuloma venereum

46
Q

Structure stained by India ink in Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Polysaccharide capsule

47
Q

Structure seen in candida albicans

A

Pseudohyphae

48
Q

Characteristic of Aspergillus morphology

A

Septate hyphae that branch at acute angles (A-A, acute aspergillus)

49
Q

Characteristic of Mucor morphology

A

Septate hyphae that branch at right angles

50
Q

Mold with CNS involvement (rhinocerebral)

A

Aspergillus

51
Q

Causative organism of babesiosis

A

Babesia microti, Babesia divergens

52
Q

Causative organism of malaria

A

Plasmodium

53
Q

Used for diagnosis of malaria and babesiosis on blood smear

A

Giemsa stain

54
Q

Maltese cross pattern

55
Q

Asexual stages of parasite with hemozoin

56
Q

Parasite without hemozin

57
Q

Special lesion of cerebral malaria

A

Durck granuloma

58
Q

Four kinds of leishmaniasis

A

Visceral (splenic, liver, LN), cutaneous, mucocutaneous, diffuse cutaneous

59
Q

General morphology of leishmaniasis

A

Macrophages filled with leishmania

60
Q

Hyperpigmentation seen in leishmaniasis

61
Q

African sleeping sickness

A

Trypanosoma brucei

62
Q

Complications of T. cruzi

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy, megacolon and megaesophagus

Tom Cruise gave me a reduviid bug in South America. It broke my HEART, kaya Chagas siya

63
Q

Chagas disease

A

Trypanosoma cruzi

64
Q

Disease caused by cerebral leptomeningitis in T. brucei

A

Demyelinating panencephalitis

65
Q

This makes Strongyloides stercoralis bad

A

Autoinfection and hyperinfection

66
Q

Characteristic of hyperinfection

A

Strongyloides larva invade colonic submucosa, lymphatics, blood vessels

67
Q

In what muscles does Trichinella spiralis like to encyst?

A

Striated muscles with rich blood supply (diaphragm, EOMs, deltoid, laryngeal, deltoid, gastrocnemius, intercostals)

68
Q

Found in Trichinella

A

Nurse cells

69
Q

Causes of lymphatic filariasis

A

Brugia malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti

70
Q

Intense eosinophilia with hemorrhage and fibrin

A

Recurrent filarial funiculoepididymitis

71
Q

Found in tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (from filariasis)

A

Meyers-Kouwenaar bodies

72
Q

Leading cause of preventable blindness in Sub Saharan Africa

A

Onchocerca volvulus

73
Q

Location of onchocercoma

A

Subcutaneous nodule

74
Q

Vector of African sleeping sickness (T. brucei)

A

Tsetse fly

75
Q

Mazzotti reaction

A

Accentuation of sclerosing keratitis with antifiliarial treatment of Onchocerca

76
Q

Lateral knob of schistosoma

A

S. japonicum

77
Q

Lateral spine of schistosoma

A

S. mansoni

78
Q

Terminal spine

A

S. haematobium

79
Q

Trematode that increases risk of bladder squamous CA

A

S. haematobium

80
Q

Taenia solium / saginata and Echinococcus granulosus are what kind of worms?

81
Q

Schistosoma is what kind of worm?

82
Q

Causative agent of hydatid disease

A

Echinococcus granulosus

83
Q

Degenerating scolices in Echinococcus

A

Hydatid sand

84
Q

Taenia solium is found in what kind of meat?

A

Pork (T. saginata found in beef - think Japanese cows, wagyu)

85
Q

Tapeworms

A

Cestodes (Ate Ces likes to tape things)

86
Q

Flukes

A

Trematodes

87
Q

Roundworms

A

Nematodes (Nema, ang kapatid ni Nemo, is fat and round)

Pathology (13 decks)

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