identities of organic molecules Flashcards
what angle do you draw between atoms
120 degrees
what direction do wedge bonds point
OUT of the plane of paper ( towards me )
what direction do dashed bonds point
INTO the plane of paper ( away )
what does a squiggle bond show
that the bond can be above or below the molecule - race mate mixture
What are isomers ?
Molecules with the same molecular formula but different arrangement of structure
Structural isomers
Differ in the connection of atoms
What are Stereoisomers
Differ in the arrangement in space
Conformational isomers
Isomers that can be interconverted by rotating around a single bond
Why is there no restriction around a carbon-carbon sigma bond?
Rotation involves no change in the overlap of the sp3 orbitals
Under what conditions can you break a pi bond break
High temperature
What is eclipsed conformation
Where hydrogen atoms are as close together as possible
What is staggered conformation
Hydrogen atoms are as far apart from each other
why do eclipsed conformation molecules have a higher energy than staggered conformation molecules?
- Pairs of electrons in the C-H bonds
- In eclipsed conformation they are closer together
- More repulsion
- Higher energy
- Less stable
