ID- MKSAP Questions II Flashcards
In patients with potential Zika virus exposure more than 2 weeks, what test do you get?
Zika virus IgM Ab
What is the most frequent manifestation of congenital Zika syndrome?
Microcephaly
What are symptoms of Dengue?
- asymptomatic -OR-
- acute febrile illness assoc with frontal HA, retro-orbital pain
- myalgia/arthalgia w or wo purpura (severe lumbosacral pain “breakbone fever”)
- melena
- conjunctival injection
- as fever abates, a macular or scarlatiniform rash sparing palms and soles and evolves into areas of petechiae on extensor surfaces may develop
What is Ramsay Hunt syndrome?
VZV infection causing ear pain, vesicular rash in external ear (sometimes), ipsilateral peripheral facial palsy
Q fever presentation, risk factors, and bacteria.
Presentation: mild infection, pneumonia
Risk factors: Exposure to farm animals
Bacteria: Coxiella burnetii
Psittacosis presentation, risk factors, and bacteria.
Presentation: pneumonia, with abrupt onset of fever, severe HA, dry cough
Risk factors: exposure to dried bird droppings
Bacteria: Chlamydia psittaci
How does human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) infection present? What is the vector
- nonfocal febrile illness
- leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated AST/ALT
- rapid response to tetracycline/doxycycline
(contrast to Heartland virus, a Bunyavirus from the same vector, which has the same clinical presentation but does NOT respond to abx)
Vector: Tick, Ehrlichia chaffeensis
Where is HME endemic?
Mid-Atlantic, southern, and southeastern United States
How to treat health care-associated ventriculitis or meningitis if device is present?
- REMOVE devices
- vanc and anti-pseudomonal coverage
Pneumonic plague
- bacteria
- risk factors
- gram stain
- treatment
Bacteria: Yersinia pestis
Risk factors: A-list bioterrorism agent, usually from hematogenous spread from bubo, close contact with another person with plague pneumonia
Gram stain: gram-neg coccobacilli, bipolar staining (“safety-pin”)
Treatment: streptomycin or gentamycin
Inhalational anthrax
- Clinical presentation
- CXR findings
- Treatment
Clinical presentation: low-grade fever, malaise, myalgia, HA, cough, SOB, CP
CXR: mediastinal widening (from hemorrhagic lymphadenitis)
Treatment: cipro, levo, moxi, doxycycline
How to treat disseminated histoplasmosis?
liposomal amphotericin B
How to tell the difference between P. falciparum and P. knowlesi?
- P. falciparum from Africa while P. knowlesi is from South and Southeast Asia
How to tell P. falciparum from P. malariae, ovale and vivax?
High level of parasitemia on blood smear and symptoms starting soon after return from endemic area.
Pulse-temperature dissociation is associated with what infection?
Typhoid fever from Salmonella
