ID causes CC2 Flashcards
Organisms causing ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP)
ESKAPE pathogens: (Etiologic in 80% of patients)
- Enterococcus faecium
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Acinetobacter baumannii
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Enterobacter spp.
Some organisms are virtually never pulmonary pathogens
- Candida spp,
- Coagulase-negative staphylococci,
- Enterococci,
- Gram-positive bacilli other than Nocardia,
- H. parainfluenzae, and
- Streptococci other than S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, and S. anginosus.
Bactericidal antibiotics
- Penicillins
- Cephalosporins
- Aminoglycosides
- Nitrofurantoin
- Metronidazole
- Quinolones
- Rifampicin
- Isoniazid
- Beta-lactams,
- Glycopeptides,
- Fluoroquinolones
Bacteriostatic antibiotics
- Chloramphenicol
- Macrolides
- Tetracyclines
- Sulphonamides
- Trimethoprim
Antibiotics most associated with C.difficile
Antibiotics for the treatment of MRSA
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
- Doxycycline
- Linezolid
- Clindamycin
- Vancomycin
- Daptomycin
- Ceftaroline
- Teicoplanin
- Rifampicin
- Tigecycline.
Organisms frequently noted as a culture contaminant in blood cultures
- Most species of coagulase-negative staphylococci
- Most species of Corynebacterium spp and related genera
- Bacillus spp (other than Bacillus anthracis),
- Micrococcus spp
- Cutibacterium (formerly Propionibacterium) acnes and related species
Gram-negative rods which are intrinsically resistant to colistin
- Burkholderia cepacia,
- Serratia marcescens,
- Moraxella catarrhalis,
- Proteus spp,
- Providencia spp,
- Morganella morganii
Colistin (polymyxins) spectrum of activity
Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli organisms, such as
* Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, some Enterobacter spp),
* Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and
* Acinetobacter baumannii.
* Other susceptible organisms include Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Legionella pneumophila, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, and the majority of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains.
Antibiotics which cover Pseudomonas
- Ceftazidime
- Cefepime
- Tazocin
- Meropenem and imipenem
- Aztreonam
- Gentamicin
- Ciprofloxacin
- Levofloxacin
- Ceftolozane tazobactam
Antibiotics which cover ESBL
- Meropenem, imipenem, ertapenem
- Ceftazidime-avibactam
- Ceftolozane tazobactam
- Colistin
- Tigecycline
Antibiotics which cover CRE
- Ceftazidime-avibactam
- Colistin
- Tigacycline
The antibiotics which cover anaerobes
- Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
- Ampicillin- sulbactam
- Tazocin
- Carbapenem
- Clindamycin
- Metronidazole
- Doxycycline
- Tigecycline
The antibiotics which cover atypical
- Macrolides
- Tetracyclines
- Moxifloxacin
- Levofloxacin
