ICS Autumn Midterm: Non surgical Perio Flashcards
what is scaling
instrumentation of the crown and root surfaces of the teeth to remove plaque, calculus and staining
what is root planning
remove cementum or surface dentin that is rough, has calculus or contaminated with toxins or microorganism
what is in calculus supragingival vs subgingival?
supragingival- salivary : white/yellow, hard and claylike, easily detached *MUCH more common, 90% ish
subgingival- serumal: hard/dense, dark brown or greenish black, firmly attached (55% ish) similar composition to supragingival but has more magnesium whitlockite. less brushite and octacaclium phosphate . no salivary proteins!
whats the composition of supragingival calc ? how does subgingival differ
(70-90% inorganic)
76% calcium phosphate
3% calcium carbonate
most in crystaline forms. crystaline types:
- hydroxyapatite (58%)
- margnesium whitlockite (21%)
- octacalcium phosphate (12%)
- brushite (9%)
organic component:
- protein polysaccharide complexes
- leukocytes
- microorganisms
SUBGINGIVAL :
similar but more magnesium whitlockite. less brushite and octacalcium phosphate. no salivary proteins
how long does it take for calculus to form
calculus is mineralized plaque
calcification= 4-8 hours
60-90% gets mineralized in 12 days
-doesnt require microbes (bc made of phosphate and calcium)
-plaque concentrations of calcium is much higher than in saliva
what are the types of attachment to root surfaces and how hard they are to remove in order
cuticle (attached to pellicle- easy to remove)
embedded into irregular root cementum
penetrates cemental tears
into resorption bays un cementum and dentin (VERY hard to remove)
what is a gracey curette
site specific curette (vs universal)
whats the difference between a scaler and a curette
scaler cross section is triangular, curette is semicircular
what are ultrasonic instrumentation examples
piezoelectric, cavitron
how does magnetostrictive and piezoelectric compare
powered scaling devices
piezoelectric: higher freq optimally, transducer which converts to vibration is ceramic. stroke pattern is LINEAR. power dispersion on tip- LATERAL surfaces are more active
magnetostrictive: freq lower 20-42. metal rod of stack of metal sheets make transducer. stroke pattern is ELLIPTICAL. power dispersion is active on all surfaces
what occurs from root planning/depridement? whats the negative?
what is easier/harder in terms of results
- improves tissue quality
- reduces probing depth
- gain clinical attachment
- junctional epithelium attachment
- no bone formation
- repeating it can improve further
- DIFFICULT TO DO WELL!
- open spaces are better than closed
- shallow is better/easier than deep
- facial/lingual is better than interproximal
- molars are more difficult.
- similar effectiveness; hand vs ultrasonic
what are the anterior sextant gracey curettes
for anterior teeth, names are:
facial: 1/2, 5/6, 7/8
lingual: 1/2, 5/6, 7/8
what is a mini five/after five
- 50% shorter blade, LONGER terminal shank
- mini 5- small enough can do vertical strokes (kinda better than lateral)
what are the posterior sextant gracey curettes?
mesial: 11/12 (15/16)
distal: 13/14 (17/18)
Facial: 5/6, 7/8, 9/10
lingual: 5/6. 7/8, 9/10
what is the gracey curette 15/16 for
mesial posterior surfaces!!!!! shank design like 13/14 (meant for distal ), blade finished like gracey 11/12
difference between 13/14 and 15/16 is that the blade is tilted for mesial
