Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ICS1 > Autumn Midterm; Med assessment > Flashcards

Autumn Midterm; Med assessment Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 questions to consider whether its safe to proceed with dental treatment

A
  • can they endure physiologic and psychologic stress of the procedure
  • will the patient have adequate hemostasis-
  • is there increased infection susceptibility
  • will drug actions of interactions cause any complications
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

whats H&P

A

history and physical exam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are 6 question MUST ask for HEALTH history

A

-cardiovascular issues?
-infectious diseases?
-allergies to meds or latex?
-bleeding problems?
-take meds?
-other medical problems not asked about?
must ask this verbally! to make sure they understood the form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what vital signs are checked in dental office

A
  • blood pressure
  • heart rate
  • respiratory rate
  • temp
  • oxygen saturation
  • pain?
  • blood glucose level
  • biometric-height, weight bmi

(just bp and hr for asessing risk?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how do you convert lbs to kg

A

lbs to kg, devide by 2 and subtract 10%

kg to lbs- multiply by 2 nd add 10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

whats: below, normal, overweight, obesitry1 2 and 3 levels BMI

A 
below 18.5 -under
18.5-24.9 - normal
25-29.9 - overweight
30-34.9 obesity clas I
35-39.9 obesity class II
above 40 class III
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

whats 3% lidocaine

A

30 mg/ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how do you get the maximum dose

A

divide by 2, subtract 10% (get kilos) 170 pounds is about 76.5 kg

based on LEAN rather than actual body weight - for obese patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

whats body habitus

A

body type/build/composition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

whats pedal edema

A

swelling in ankles, check if theres pitting when you put your finger- could be a sign of heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

whats cyanosis

A

skin is blue color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

whats pallor

A

paleness in tissue-poor cardiac output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

whats exapthalamos

A

eyes are sticking out bulb excess sclerea (sign of hyperthyroidism)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

whats conjunctiva

A

red eyes, allergy/drug use?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

whats jugular vein distention a sign of

A

heart failure in left side of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is goiter

A

swelling in neck– thyroid disorder

17
Q

whats 1-4, 5-6 and >10 met

A

metabolic equivalent threshold (excersise tolerance)

1-4; standard light home activities, walk around the house, take care of yourself eating, bathing and using toilet

5-9; climb a flight of stairs, walk up a hill, walk one or two blocks on level ground, run a short distance. moderate activities (golf,dancing), sex

> 10 strenous sports (swimming, tennis bycicle), heavy professional work

18
Q

who gets a cardiac and pulmonary auscultation

A

anyone that gets sedation !!!!!

19
Q

what are the ASA 1-6 classifications

A

ASA 1: normal, healthy
ASA 2: mild systemic disease (or significant health risk factor)– like smoker, social drinker, pregnancy, obesity, well controlled diabetes or hypertension, mild lung disease
ASA3: a patient with severe systemic disease that limits activity but is not incapacitating.- like poorly controlled diabetes/htn, copd, morbid obesity, active hepatitis, alcohol dependence or abuse, implanted pacemaker , moderate reducton of ejection fraction
ASA4: patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life- within the last 3 months; MI, CVA, TIA, or CAD/stents, ongoing cardiac ischemia, valve dysfunction severe, sepsis, DIC, ARD, ESRD, not undergoing regular scheduled dialysis
ASA5: pateint not expected to surfive 24 hours with or without medical intervention; aneurysm, massive trauma etc.
ASA6: a declared brain dead patient whose organs are being removed for donation

(pay attention to 3 and 4 mostly!?)

20
Q

is physician consultation medical clearance

A

NO its OUR obligation to know appropriate dental care delivery considerations/guidelines based on the medical status

21
Q

list contraindications for elective dental treatmentinc

A
  • myocardial infarction within 6 months
  • stroke within 6 months
  • blood pressure above 180/110
  • HIV/AIDS with CD4 <50 and or platelet count less than 60,000
  • INR >3.5 with need for invasive treatment (blood clotting test)
  • undiagnosed or untreated chest pain
  • undiagnosed or untreated or non compliant diabetes or other endocrine diseases.
22
Q

what is part of the revised cardiac risk assessment

A

incorporates 6 independent variables that predict the risk of cardiac complications!!

history of :

  • ischemic heart disease
  • heart failure
  • cerebrovascular disease
  • diabetes
  • chronic kidney disease
  • major operations (suprainguinal vascular, intrathoracic and intraperitoneal)

(in hospital mortality rates increase with the more of these you have!)

23
Q

why does anxiousness matter for dentistry

A

increased risk of medical emergencies especially if there are baseline cardiovascular or pulmonary issues

24
Q

what is the stress reduction protocol

A

especially for med compromised AND anxious patients:

  • psych consultation
  • iatrosedation
  • premedication
  • appointment scheduling
  • minimize wait time
  • preoperative and postoperative vital signs
  • sedation/GA during treatment
  • pain control
  • watch treatment duration
  • follow up communication
25
Q

what does 1:100,000 epinephrine mean (how many grams in a 1.7 ml cartridge)

A

1 gram/100,000 ml
which is also .01 mg/ml– a 1.7 ml cartridge has 17 micrograms

1:1000 is 1000 micrograms per ml

26
Q

what is levonordefrin vs epinephrine

A

epinephrine; impacts alpha1, beta1 and beta2 adrenergic receptors

levonordefrin or alpha methyl norepinephrine, more alpha than beta effects. usually in 1:20,000 concentration. 1 gm/20,000 mL = 50 micrograms per ml

27
Q

what are alpha 1, beta 1 and beta 2 agonisms

A

alpha1: vascular smooth muscle constriction at arterioles- increase bp

beta1; +ionotropy and chronotropy, increased heart rate and force of contraction. increases CO

beta2: agonism vascular smooth muscle relaxation. vasodilation in skeletal muscle and decreased bp

28
Q

what should you consider when it comes to vasoconstrictors

A

caution with cv disease, possible drug interations

  • consider non vasoconstrictor local anesthetics
  • take vital signs prior to injection, use a good technique, take vital signs intermittently as neeed. keep within 20% of baseline!
29
Q

what are local anesthetic best practices

A
  • know body weight kg
  • convert to lean body weight as NEEDED
  • know max dose for YOUR practice. local anesthetics w/epi- mainstay of dentistry. 2% lidocaine with 1/100k epinephrine- 7mg/kg!
  • if you use more than one drug they are additive
  • know your patient and adjust

ICS1 (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions