Icing Questions for PC JUN 2015 Flashcards
What’s the influence of ISA Deviation on True Altitude?
The True Altitude will be Higher if ISA is Above STD
The True Altitude will be Lower if ISA is Below STD.
With Low Temperatures conditions:
What are the Corrections to MSA?
If Surface Temperature is ISA-15 to ISA-30:
Add +10% to the MSA
If Surface Temperature is ISA-31 to ISA-50:
Add +20% to the MSA.
With Low Temperatures conditions:
What are the corrections to IAF, FAF, MDA etc…?
When the report Temperature AT the Airport is Zero or Below:
- Apply the Temperature corrections of the QRH
Company Procedures:
Table CP-AWA 1/2.
What happen when a clearance is issued by ATC with Low Temperatures conditions?
Once ATC has issued a clearance and the Pilot accepted it, it’s considered to be complied with.
If the Captain is not satisfied with it because of Low Temperatures Corrections, he must Request for Another Clearance.
What restrictions applies to Final Approach Mode when Cold Weather Corrections applies? (8.1.1.2)
Final Approach Mode is Prohibited
Selected NAV/FPA or TRK/FPA must be used.
What restriction apply to RNAV Approach with
LNAV/VNAV Minimum when cold-weather corrections applies? (8.1.1.2)
Each chart have a Minimum temperature under which Final Approach Mode is prohibited.
1) If the Temperature is Above the Minimum Chart
Temperature:
-> Final Approach Mode + LNAV/VNAV Minima
+ DA in the Box
- > No Temp Corr will apply in this Case
2) If the Temperature is Below the Minimum Chart
Temperature:
-> NAV/FPA Mode + LNAV Minima + MDA in the Box
Or
-> TRK/FPA Mode + LNAV Minima + MDA in the Box
PS: 2) Is also possible in case 1).
What’s the Clean Aircraft concept?
No Ice, Snow or Frost adhering to the wings, control surfaces, engines or other critical surfaces.
When does the Hold other time (HOT) starts?
At the Beginning of the Anti-Icing (Second Phase) for Type 1.
OR
If a One Step product is used (Type 2 or 4) at the beginning of the De/Anti-icing process.
Can we take off with the wings contaminated?
YES if the contamination is:
- Light-frost under the wings due to low fuel
temperature
- We must be able to see through it with a maximum
of 3 mm in thickness.
Where can we have Frost on the Aircraft?
- Light-Frost under the wings due to Low Fuel
Temperature, must be able to see through it with a
maximum thickness of 3 mm
- Hoarfrost on the top of the fuselage with all Vents and
Ports Clear of any Contaminations.
Can we have lower wing surface ice ridges?
No it’s prohibited.
What can happen during Snow Removal or Long De-icing if the temperature is below -5° Celsius?
Water rundown may refreeze and disturb airflow around the static-ports.
During Low Temperatures conditions what should be looked at during the walk around regarding the APU?
The APU Door Flap must be Free of Impacted Snow or Ice Before Starting the APU.
What are the different types of Fluids and their characteristics?
- Type I High Glycol, Low Viscosity, Better for De-icing
Short HOT / Orange colour
- Type II 50% Glycol / Medium Viscosity / For De/Anti-
Icing / Medium HOT / Pale Straw Colour
- Type III Forbidden to use by KA
- Type IV Modified Type II with longer HOT.
What should be done if a repeated application of Type 2 or 4 product is required?
A wash of the previous application is recommended with a Type 1 or Hot Water
This will avoid the re-freeze of the first application in some area of the Aircraft.
What is the correlation between Hold Over Time (HOT) and Wings Inspections before Take-off, If HOT is 5 to 10 min?
If HOT is 5 to 10 min:
- Before 5 min no inspection required
- Between 5 to 10 min an inspection of the wings from
the middle of the cabin (Look for the small triangles,
try to have those seats Free of Pax)
- After 10 min an External Inspection is mandatory.
What are the weather conditions for which the HOT values are not accessed?
- Hail
- Moderate Freezing Rain (FZRA)
- Heavy Freezing Rain (+FZRA)
- Heavy Snow.
Can Hold Over Time (HOT) clock be stopped?
Only if the weather conditions Stop and Never Appears Again.
It’s NOT Possible to Stop and Restart the clock within HOT.
What the difference between:
Light and Moderate weather conditions, if HOT is 5 to 10 min?
If HOT is 5 to 10 min:
Light Weather will be covered for 10 min
Moderate Weather will be covered for 5 min.
What Anti-Icing is to be used if we encounter Ice Pellet?
Only Type 4 will allow a HOT for Ice Pellets
Refer to Chap. 8 Table (8.2.3 section).
In the De/Anti-Icing Fluid, What are the effect of Lowest Operation Used Temperature (LOUT)?
- It is the Lowest Temp. at which we Can Use the Product
OR
- Sum of Actual Freezing Point + Freezing Buffer.
Effect of Freezing Rain and Drizzle (FZRA/DZ) on APP and DEP?
- For Light Conditions -FZRA and –FZDZ
APP and DEP are Allowed
- For Moderate to Heavy Conditions FZRA/DZ +FZRA/DZ
APP and DEP are Prohibited
Under which weather conditions a Take Off is Prohibited?
- Moderate to Heavy Freezing Rain or Drizzle
- Moderate Ice Pellets mixed with other form of
Precipitations
- Heavy Ice pellets, Snow Pellets of any intensity.
What defines Icing Conditions?
TAT ≤ 10 and SAT ≥ - 40° C.
What can we do if Engine Anti-Ice valve is stuck while on the ground (Amber on ECAM)?
Increase the thrust by 5% of N2.
Conditions and Technic for the Ice Shedding procedure?
- Outside Air Temperature < 3° C.
- Every 15 min apply 50% of N1
Check there are No Engines Vibrations.
- Also to be applied at Line Up
Inform ATC of this requirement
(Longer time needed on the RWY).
What are the precautions to be taken if Taxing in Icing Conditions?
- Maintain the Flaps Retracted until the holding point
- Taxi Speed below 10kt if Taxiways are Contaminated.
At what speed should the Reversers be Stowed if there is Snow Covered Grounds?
The Reversers should be Stowed before 25 Kt.
What are the Wing Anti-Ice Push Button (Pb) Characteristics:
- On Ground?
- In Flight?
- If it becomes Amber?
- If a Leak is Detected?
- If Electrical supply Fails?
- On the Ground after being depressed it will make a
Self-Test of 30 Sec. (Stay Blue during this time)
Then the Wing Anti-Ice valve will open again
automatically after T/O
- In Flight, hot air from the pneumatic system heats the
three outboard slats (3-4-5) of each wing
- If the Pb becomes amber it means the valve is Not in
Proper Position or a Low Pressure has been Detected
- If the system detects a Leak during normal operation
the affected side’s Wing Anti-Ice valve will
Automatically Close
- If the Electrical power supply Fails, the Valves Close.
What are the Engine Anti-Ice Push Button (Pb) Characteristics:
- In Normal Operations?
- Air is Unavailable?
- If Electrical supply Fails?
- An Independent Air Bleed from the High Pressure
Compressor protects each engine nacelle from Ice.
- If Air is unavailable (Engine not running) the Valve
will automatically Close
- If Electrical power Fails, the Valve will Stay Open.
