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Geography > Ice on land - questions > Flashcards

Ice on land - questions Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the glacial budget?

A

the difference between the amount of accumulation and the amount of ablation. If this is a positive number the glacier is advancing, if this is a negative number the glacier is retreating

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2
Q

what is happening to the glacier in the zone of accumulation?

A

the glacier is growing

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3
Q

what is happening to the glacier in the zone of ablation?

A

the glacier is melting

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4
Q

what is pack ice?

A

frozen ice on the surface of the sea, rarely more than 3m thick

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5
Q

what is a corrie glacier?

A

in a hollow high on a mountain side, sometimes the source of a valley glacier

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6
Q

what is an ice berg?

A

pieces of an ice sheet or ice cap that have broken off and float into the sea

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7
Q

what is a valley glacier?

A

tongues of ice spreading along a valley from an ice sheet or an ice cap/corrie

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8
Q

what is an ice cap?

A

restricted to mountain tops, source of valley glaciers

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9
Q

what is an ice sheet?

A

covers mountains and valleys for thousands of km2

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10
Q

what is weathering?

A

the breakdown of rocks in situ and material

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11
Q

what is physical weathering?

A

weathering that does not involve a chemical change

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12
Q

what is chemical weathering?

A

weathering that involves a chemical change taking place

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13
Q

what is biological weathering?

A

weathering that is caused by animals, plants, living organisms

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14
Q

what is plucking?

A

a process of glacial erosion where individual rocks are plucked away from the valley floor or sides as water freezes them to the ground

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15
Q

what is abrasion?

A

a process of erosion involving the wearing away of the valley floor and sides (glaciers) and the shoreline (costal zone)

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16
Q

what is a drumlin?

A

drumlins have one steep, or blunt, side and one gently sloping side and they are often found in ‘swarms’ on the valley floor shaped by the glacier

17
Q

what is basal slippage?

A

a thin layer of melt water at the base of the glacier acts as a lubricant between the bedrock and ice - this reduces friction and allows ice to slide away

18
Q

what is rotational slippage?

A

ice collects in hollows, melt water at the base of the ice helps it to move in a curled motion down the slope

19
Q

what is bulldozing?

A

movement of glacier from basal slippage leaving behind terminal moraine

Geography (24 decks)

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