I. ENTEROBACTERIACEAE Flashcards
gram negative
non spore
f. anaerobic bacilli
reduces nitrate to nitrite
ferments glucose
present in intestinal tract as commensal flora
enterobacteriaceae
enterobacteriaceae are usually present as commensal flora except for
OVERT OR TRUE PATHOGENS
yersinia, shigella, salmonella
enterobacteriaceae are large smooth gray colonies, non encapsulated except
klebsiella, enterobacter
enterobacteriaceae are non hemolytic except for –
E. coli (b-hemolytic)
all enterobacteriaceae are motile with peritrichous flagella except –
klebsiella, shigella, yersinia
may grow at low temp 1-5c
serratia, yersinia
extended spectrum b lactamase producing enterobacteria
EKK, e.coli, k. pneu, k. oxy
isolated from urinary tract and cause bacteremia
EPK, e. coli, p.mirabilis, k. pneu
antibiotic resistant genera
SEC, serratia, enterobacter, citro
assoc with diarrhea
yersinia, e.coli, shigella, salmonella
antigen determinants
heat stable; cell wall for e.coli and shigella
somatic o
antigen determinants
heat labile; flagellum for salmonella
flagellar h
antigen determinants
heat labile; covers o antigen
found as k1- e. coli
found as Vi- s. enterica
capsular k
infection:
neonatal sepsis
e. coli
infection:
dysentery
shigella
infection:
plague
y. pestis
infection:
wounds contaminated with soil and vegatation
erwinia
infection:
meningitis
e.coli, edwardsiella
infection:
enteric fever
edwardsiella, salmonella
infection:
mesenteric adenitis
y. pseudotuberculosis, entero
colon bacillus
inhabits normal bowel flora and female genital tract
invades enterocytes lining of the large intestine
marker of fecal contamination in water purification
leading cause of nosocomial infection- UTI
e. coli
flat dry with pink colonies: mc conkey
greenish metallic sheen: EMB
e. coli
antigenic determinants: O,H,K
VF: endotoxin, common pilli, intimin, k1 antigen. sex pili and adhesive fimbriae
e.coli
VF that causes neonatal meningitis in e. coli
k1 antigen
formerly called as e.coli atypical or enteric group 2
isolated from CSF, wounds and blood
culture: yellow-pigmented colonies
e. hermanii
infection:
infantile diarrhea stool wo blood
enteropathogenic E. coli EPEC
infection:
traveler’s diarrhea
BAP
`enterotoxigenic E. coli ETEC
infection:
montezumas’s revenge
BAP
`enterotoxigenic E. coli ETEC
infection:
dysentery like-shigella like infx
watery diarrhea with WBCs
enterinvasive E.coli EIEC
infection:
hemorrhagic colitis
hemolytic uremic syndrome
enterohemorrhagic e.coli EHEC
infection:
watery diarrhea
enteroadherent e.coli EAEC
infection:
UTI
enteroadherent e.coli EAEC
diffusely adherent e.coli DAEC
adheres to Hep2 cells forming clumps of bacteria ‘stacked brick appearance’
enteroadherent e.coli EAEC
most common cause of UTIs in human
uropathogenic e.coli
determines the organim’s ability to produce keratoconjuctivitis in guinea pig, virulence test for shigella and EIEC
sereny test
most common cause of UTIs in human
uropathogenic e.coli
production of cGMP
ST
production cAMP
LT
phage encoded cytotoxin identical to the shiga toxon produced by s.dysenteriae
produces damage to vero cells (african green monkey)
veratoxin I
e.coli strains that produce verotoxins are also called as -
STEC shiga toxigenic e.coli
friedlander’s bacillus
bacillus capsulatus
klebsiella pneu subsp pneu
CA of community acquired pneumonia
currant jelly like sputum
LOWER respiratory tract infx
k. pneu subsp pneu
CA of chronic atrophic rhinitis
foul smelling rhinitis
k.pneu subsp ozanae
CA of granuloma of nose and osopharynx
k.pneu subsp rhicoscleromatis
all + except for indole, gelatin
k pneu pneu
all - except for lysine
k pneu oza
all + except for gelatin
k pneu oxy
resembles klebsiella when gwoing on mac conkey
enterobacter
formerly known as e. taylorae
isolated with osteomyelitis following traumatic wounds
enterobacter cancerogenus
formerly known as enterobacter agglomerans
from POWDERED INFANT formula
chronobacter sakazakil
formely known as enterobacter agglomerans
from CONTAMINATED IV FLUIDS
triple decarboxylase negative
pantoea agglomerans
serratia
musty pungent odor potato like
s. odorifera
most clinically significant in serratia species
bacteremic outbreaks in nurseries, burn units, cardiac surgery
epidemic of SEPTIC ARTHRITIS
s. marcescens
causes osteomyelitis following a motorcycle accident
s. plymuthica
has a delayed citrate reaction
hafnia
hafnia that grows in beer wort of breweries
h. alvei biotype 1
can cause acute glomerular nephritis
a rapid urease producer=renal stone formation
proteus
most common isol: p. mirabilis
swarming phenomenon
burnt chocolate/burnt gun powder odor
proteus
nosocomial outbreaks in burn units
providencia stuartil
same biochemical reaction with P. vulgaris except citrate -
morganella
isolated from cold blooded and warm blooded animals
edwardsiella
plant pathogen
erwinia
resmbles e.coli on mac conkey
biochemically resembling salmonella
citrobacter
causes false + agglutination test with salmonella
citrobacter
endocarditis with IV drug users
citrobacter freundii
produces type 1 cephalosporinase
citrobacter freundii
nursery outbreak of neonatal meningitis
citrobacter koseri
formerly known as c.diversus
c. koseri
most serious pathogenic enterobacteria causing
enteric fever, typhoid, gastroenteritis (food poisoning)
can be carried by human carriers
found in cold blooded animals as well as rodents and birds: natural hosts
salmonella
VF: fimbriae and enterotoxin
somatic o and flagellar H antigen, Vi antigen
salmonella
CA of enteric fever
S. serotype typhi
CA of parathypoid fever
s. serotype paratyphi a,b,c
s serotype choleraesuis
salmonella
all are motile except
s. pullorum, s. gallinarum
salmonella
all produces gas except for
s. gallinarum, s. typhi
salmonella found in lizards and other cold blooded animals
s. bongori
most common form of food poisoning
mostly caused by s. enterica subsp enterica
gastroenteritis
CA peanut butter outbreaks
s. typhimurium
also known as typhoid fever caused by s. typhi
MOT: transmission thru fomites is possible, ingestion of contaminated food and water, human carriers
enteric fever
characteristics: ROSE SPOTS- 2nd week of fever
complications: stays/harbor GALLBLADDER causing necrosis
enteric fever
necrotizing cholecystitis
PEYER’s patches
enteric fever
CA of enteric fever
resistant to gastric acids
S. typhi
specimen for salmonella:
1st week of infx
blood
specimen for salmonella:
2nd week of infx
stool
specimen for salmonella:
3rd week of infx
urine
intracellular organism multiply within the cells of colon
transmitted by 4Fs
flies, fingers, food, feces
somatic O antigen
spx: rectal swab
shigella
most virulent shigella
s. dysenteriae
CA of gay bowel syndrome
shigella flexneri
CA of bacillary dysentery
s. dysenteriae type 1
acute inflammatory colitis, bloody diarrhea (WBCs in tool)
caused: improper sanitary conditions-poor personal hygiene
highly communicable
symptoms: tenesmus
complications: ileus-obstruction of the intestine
bacillary dysentery
plague bacillus
class a bioterrorism agent
CA of bubonic plague/ black death
yersinia pestis
MOT: bite of xenopsylla cheopis
has the ability to survive and multiply inside phagocytes
yersinia pestis
closed safety pin appearance
stalactile pattern
y. pestis
plague: transmitted by fleas/rats/rodents which multiply in BLOOD and LYMPHS
– inflammatory swelling of axilla and groin buboes
results from infected flea
bubonic plague
plague: transmitted by fleas/rats/rodents which multiply in BLOOD and LYMPHS
– acquired by close contact with victims, secondary to bubonic plague
pulmonary plague
CA of enterocolitis
survive in cold temperature (food refrigeration)
contaminated packed RBCs
requires cold enrichment technique
BULLS EYE COLONIES
yersinia enterocolitoca
only oxidase + member of the enterobacteriaceae
plesiomonas shiggeloides
found in freshawater- warmer climates
APRON like colonies
ingestion of uncooked oysters, dlamps, shrimps
plesiomonas shigelloides
