Hypothalamic Pituitray Axis And Growth Hormone Flashcards
What is special about the anterior pituitary gland
Comes form the oral ectoderm
Primitive gut tissue
Endocrine function
What is special about the posterior pituitary gland
Neurocrine function
Neuroectoderm tissue
Primitive brain tissue
What is the mechanisms of hormone release form the anterior pituitary gland
The tropic hormone released
Move to the median eminence
To the hypophyseal portal system
To the APG
Then endocrine hormones released
What is the mechanism of hormone release from the posterior pituitary gland
Mainly oxytocin and ADH
Hypothalamus releases from the supraoptic and paraventricular regions
Transported down the nerve cell axons
To ppg
Released from the neural endings
What does TRH lead to
TSH and PRL hormone
What does CRH release
ACTH
Acts on the adrenal cortex to release cortisol
What does PIH release
PRL
Used in mammalian lactation and glands
What does GHRH and GHIH release
GRH
Growth hormone
GHRH releases
GHIH inhibits (somatostatin)
What does GnRH (gonadotropin)
LH and FSH
Sex hormones for women
What other hormone does Growth factor stimulate
IGF (insulin like growth factor)
Released by the liver mainly and some from the skeletal muscles
Can allow growth
Can also be part of the long feedback loop
What does GRH stimulate in kids
The growth of the long bone
Happens prior to epiphyseal plate closure
IGF bone and cartilage growth
What does GRH do in adults
Maintain the muscle and the bone mass
Healing and the tissue repair
When would levels of GH increase
Low glucose and fatty acids
Fasting
Stress
Excersise
When would levels of GH decrease
High glucose and fatty acids
REM sleep
Obesity
What is pituitary dwarfism
When would have no or partial GH production
Fixed when have the GH therapy
