Hypotension and Syncope

Question 1

What is shock?

Answer 1

organs aren’t getting blood flow

Question 2

SHOCK is a mnemonic for the etiologies of shock, what are they?

Answer 2

Sepsis (also anaphylaxis), Hypovolemia (hemorrhage, volume loss), Obstructive (tampanode, tension pneumothorax), Cardiac (MI, arrhythmia, HF, valve disease, massive PE), “K”ortisol deficiency

Question 3

What are the clinical features of shock?

Answer 3

low bp, tachycardia, syncope, peripheral hypoperfusion, altered mental status, oliguria, cool/mottled extremities

Question 4

What is syncope secondary to?

Answer 4

reduced cerebral blood flow

Question 5

What is the mmHg drop in BP to dx orthostasis?

Answer 5

20 mmHg between supine and sitting/standing