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PHM Exam 2 > Hypertension Drugs > Flashcards

Hypertension Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Methyldopa

A 
Modulators of Sympathetic Outflow
in CNS
- Substitute for DOPA in NE neurons
- dec symp output - dec HR
- dec CO - dec RAS - dec BP
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2
Q

Clonidine

A

Modulators of Sympathetic Outflow
in CNS - α2 agonist (in medulla of brain)
- dec symp output - dec HR
- dec CO - dec RAS - dec BP

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3
Q

Trimethaphan

A 
Modulators of Sympathetic Outflow
Autonomic Ganglion Blockade
- Antagonist at ganglionic Nn receptors
- Blocks ganglionic transmission
- dec symp output
- Heart: dec HR, dec BP
- Blood vessels: vasodilation, dec bp
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4
Q

Prazosin

A 
Modulators of Sympathetic Outflow
Noradrenergic Receptor Blockers
α1 Antagonists
- dec symp output
- Heart: dec HR, dec BP
- Blood vessels: vasodilation, dec bp

Side effect:

  • Reflex tachycardia
  • Reflex RAS activation
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5
Q

Propranolol
Atenolol
Pindolol
Metoprolol

A 
Modulators of Sympathetic Outflow
Noradrenergic Receptor Blockers
β Antagonists
- dec symp output - dec HR
- dec CO - dec RAS - dec BP

Side effects:

  • Bradycardia
  • CHF
  • dec Sexual libido
  • erectile dysfunction (β1 antagonist)
  • Propranolol β2 effects (blood vessels)
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6
Q

Labetalol

Carvedilol

A

Modulators of Sympathetic Outflow
Noradrenergic Receptor Blockers
α and β Adrenergic Antagonists
- Blocks all types of adrenergic receptor (except α2)
- Additive effects of prazosin and propranolol

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7
Q

Hydralazine

A

Vasodilators
cGMP and Ca modulators
- Blood vessels: vasodilation, dec bp

Side effects:

  • Reflex tachycardia & Angina
  • RAS activation
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8
Q

Minoxidil

A

Vasodilators

  • Acts on K channels for vasodilation
  • dec intracellular Ca concentration

Side effects:

  • Reflex tachycardia & Angina
  • RAS Activation
  • Hirsutism
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9
Q

Verapamil
Nifedipine
Diltiazem
Amlodipine

A

Vasodilators
Ca Channel Blockers
- Heart: dec HR, dec BP
- Blood vessels: vasodilation, dec bp

Side Effects:
Hypotension
Reflex tachycardia & angina
RAS activation

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10
Q

Losartan

Valsartan

A

Vasodilators
AII Receptor Antagonists
- blood vessel: dec AngII, Vasodilation, dec bp
- adrenal cortex: dec AngII, dec Renal H2O reabsorption, dec blood volume, dec bp

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11
Q

Captopril
Enalapril
Quinapril

A

Vasodilators
ACE inhibitors
- blood vessel: dec AngII, Vasodilation, dec bp

Side Effects:

  • Proteinuria
  • Teratogen
  • Absolutely contraindicted in pregnant women
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12
Q

MR antagonists: Eplerenone
ACE Inhibitors: Captopril
Thiazides: Hydrochlorothiazide
Pore Blockers: Amiloride

A

Diuretics
- inc urine output - dec blood volume - dec bp

Side Effects: all except captopril

  • Tachycardia
  • RAS activity
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13
Q

Captopril

Enalapril

A

Diuretics
ACE inhibitors
- adrenal cortex: dec AngII, dec Renal H2O reabsorption, dec blood volume, dec bp

Side Effects:

  • Proteinuria
  • Teratogen
  • Absolutely contraindicted in pregnant women
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PHM Exam 2 (10 decks)

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