hypertension

Question 1

pre hypertension

Answer 1

Systolic pressures between 120 and 139; diastolic

pressures between 80 and 89

Question 2

stage 1 hypertension

Answer 2

Systolic pressures between 140 and 159;

diastolic pressures between 90 and 99

Question 3

stage 2 hypertension

Answer 3

Systolic pressures 160 or greater; diastolic

pressures 100 or greater.

Question 4

primary hypertnsion

Answer 4

90% to 95% of all cases of hypertension

Its cause is unknown

Question 5

secondary hypertension

Answer 5

Caused by underlying factors, such as kidney disease, certain arterial conditions, some drugs, and occasionally pregnancy

Question 6

cardiac output

Answer 6

The volume of blood pumped by the heart in a specific period (usually 1 minute)
Determined by strength, rate, and rhythm of the contraction of the left ventricle and the blood volume

Question 7

peripheral vascular resistance

Answer 7

Force in the blood vessels that left ventricle must overcome to eject blood from the heart
Resistance to blood flow determined by diameter of the blood vessels and blood viscosity (thickness)
Increased peripheral vascular resistance: the most prominent characteristic of hypertension

Question 8

s/s primary hypertension

Answer 8

Occipital headaches that are more severe on arising
Lightheadedness
Epistaxis (nose bleeds)
If hypertension has damaged blood vessels in the heart, kidneys, eyes, or brain, patient may have symptoms of impaired function of those organs

Question 9

antihypertension drugs

Answer 9

Diuretics
Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers
Calcium antagonists
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (or ACEIs

Question 10

cause of seconday hypertension

Answer 10

Renal disease
Excess secretion of adrenal hormones 
Narrowing of the aorta
Increased intracranial pressure
Some drugs such as vasoconstrictors

Question 11

orthrostartic hypotension

Answer 11

Sudden drop in systolic blood pressure, usually 20 mm Hg, when going from lying or sitting to a standing position
Monitor for lightheadedness, dizziness, syncope