cancer Flashcards
Benign tumors
Relatively harmless, primarily because they do not spread to other parts of the body
Problems, however, if they create pressure on or obstruct body organs
Surgical removal of benign tumors often recommended
malignant tumors
Change in appearance from normal cells
Inability to properly perform function of tissue of origin; may assume functions of other cells
Not readily recognized by other cells
Abnormal proteins (tumor markers) on cell surface
Random, disorganized, uncontrolled growth pattern
Continue dividing even when no need for additional cells, inadequate space, or inadequate nutrients
Ability to migrate from one tissue or organ to another
The amount of radiation received by those who come in contact with the patient depends on
the time of exposure, distance from radiation source, and amount of shielding between the caregiver and the source
Unless direct care is being given, remain at least
6 feet away from the source
what kind of material is best protection
the denser the material the better
internal radiation
Introduction of radiation source into the body
Patients emit radiation and do pose a threat to others until the source is removed or excreted
side effects of internal radiation
Bone marrow suppression Alopecia Anorexia Dry mouth Effects on reproductio
Destroy rapidly dividing cells; may be used alone or in combination with other forms of treatment
Antineoplastic
chemical agent to treat disease
chemotherapy
Types of antineoplastic drugs
Cytotoxic agents
Hormones and hormone antagonists
Biologic response modifiers
Radioimmunotherapy
side effects of chemo
Bone marrow suppression
Nausea and vomiting
Alopecia
Extravasation
Intended to boost the body’s existing defenses
Act directly on malignant cells or stimulate the immune system to act against them
Biologic response modifiers (BRMs)
Specific for proteins on surface of certain cancer cells
Monoclonal antibodies
