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Acute Gero 2 > Hypertension > Flashcards

Hypertension Flashcards

1
Q

Normal BP category
SBP/DP

A

SBP <120 & DP < 80

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2
Q

ELEVATED BP category

A

SBP 120-129
&
DB < 80

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3
Q

stage 1 HTN parameters

A

SBP 130- 139
OR
DP 80-89

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4
Q

stage 2 HTN category

A

SBP 140 or higher
OR
DP 90 or higher

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5
Q

Hypertensive crisis BP Parameters

A

SBP > 180 and/or
DP > 120

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6
Q

etiology of hypertensive crisis

A
  • acute pain
  • stroke
  • renal failure
  • non compliance with medication
  • illicit drug use (cocaine, methamphetamines)
  • HF
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7
Q

ACEI side effects

A
  • Dry cough
  • dizziness
  • hypotension
  • increased BUN & Cr
  • Hyperkalemia
  • angioedema
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8
Q

ARBS side effects

A

well tolerated
hypotension
less angioedema

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9
Q

Thiazide side effects

A

Hypo NA+, K+, Mag
hypercalcemia gout
hyperglycemia
dizziness

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10
Q

CCB (2 types) side effects

A

Dihydropyridines: dizziness, flushing, headache, edema

Non Hihydro: constipation, bradycardia, orthostatic hypotension

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11
Q

Hypertensive emergency definition

A

Urgency + target end organ damage (Chest pain, ischemia, ARF, Neuro deficit, pulmonary edema, Ao dissection, Eclampsia)

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12
Q

Hypertensive emergency treatment

A

Lower MAP 20-25 % in the first 1-2 hrs using a rapid acting and titratable agent (IV)

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13
Q

Hypertensive urgency definition

A

SBP >180 or diastolic > 110

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14
Q

Hypertensive urgency treatment

A

Lower BP over 24 - 48 hrs. Often can be done outpatient

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15
Q

In HTN emergency what is the medication of choice and why?

A

IV nicardepene

prevents rebound HTN and less side effects

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16
Q

Clevidipine

A

onest: 2 min
duration: 10 min

side effects: headache, reflex tachycardia

17
Q

Esmolol

A

onset: 1 min
duration: 3-6 hrs

contraindications: 2nd, 3rd AV block, systolic HF, asthma, bradycardia

18
Q

Labetolol

A

onset 5-10 min
duration 3 - 6 hrs

contraindications: 2nd, 3rd AV block, systolic HF, asthma, bradycardia

19
Q

Nicardipine

A

onset: 5- 15 min
duration 4 - 6 hrs

contraindications: Liver failure

side effects: Headache, reflex tachycardia

20
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

onset 1 - 5 min
duration 5 - 10 min

side effects: headache, reflex tachycardia

21
Q

IVP Labetolol is a

A

non selective beta blocker (alph1 alpha 2)

22
Q

Enalapril should not be given in patients with poor

A

renal function

23
Q

Ace inhibitors are contraindicated in patients with

A

Contraindicated in renal artery stenosis

24
Q

In African American adults with hypertension but without HF or CKD including those with DM what type of medication should be used?

A

thiazide diuretic or CCB or in combination should be used

25
Q

In patients with CKD, with or without DM they should be started on an

A

ACEI or ARB or in combination with other drug classes

26
Q

In non black patients with HTN they can be started on

A

a thiazide, an ACE, ARB, CCB alone or in combination.

Acute Gero 2 (21 decks)

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